EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul // Piptadenia macrocarpa Benth.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 251
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: Hydrocyanic acid #2: tannins (bark) #3: butotenine (seed) #4: tannins (bark) #5: tannins (leaves) #6: bufotenine (seeds, tryptamine) #7: tannins (bark)

Endpoint Studies

#1: Experimental poisoning in bovines #2: human self-experiment on bufotenine from seed

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Tokarnia, Carlos Hubinger., Peixoto, Paulo Vargas., Dobereiner, Jurgen. Experimental poisoning by Piptadenia macrocarpa (Leg. Mimosoideae) in bovines . pesquisa veterinaria brasileira, 1994, vol. 14, no. 2-3, p. 57–63. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional extraction description:

also wilted and dried
Substance:

Hydrocyanic acid (RF-00000333-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Hydrocyanic acid

Composition #2: Prado, Luis L., Ricci, Enzo. Systematic study of the tannin content of various indigenous species.. zzz, 1956, p. 7–17. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests) (F003A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.4
Internal remarks:

tannins (bark)

Composition #3: Rendon P., Willy J. Isolation of bufotenine from seeds of the Piptadenia macrocarpa Benth.. revista boliviana de quimica, 1985, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 39–43. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Substance:

bufotenine (RF-00003718-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

melting point, IR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5
Internal remarks:

butotenine (seed)

Composition #4: Monteiro, Júlio M., Albuquerque, Ulysses P., Lins Neto, Ernani M.F., Araújo, Elcida L., Albuquerque, Miracy M., Amorim, Elba L.C. The effects of seasonal climate changes in the caatinga on tannin levels in Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan . revista brasileira de farmacognosia, 2006, vol. 16, no. 3, p. 338–344. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-695X2006000300010. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests) (F003A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins (bark)

Composition #5: Monteiro, Júlio M., Albuquerque, Ulysses P., Lins Neto, Ernani M.F., Araújo, Elcida L., Albuquerque, Miracy M., Amorim, Elba L.C. The effects of seasonal climate changes in the caatinga on tannin levels in Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan . revista brasileira de farmacognosia, 2006, vol. 16, no. 3, p. 338–344. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-695X2006000300010. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests) (F003A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins (leaves)

Composition #6: Ott, J. Pharmanopo-psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine . journal of psychoactive drugs, 2001, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 273–281. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

bufotenine (RF-00003718-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

bufotenine (seeds, tryptamine)

Composition #7: Paes, Juarez Benigno., Franco Diniz, Carlos Estevam., de Lima, Carlos Roberto., Bastos, Paulo de Melo., de Medeiros Neto, Pedro Nico. CONDENSED TANNINS OF Anadenanthera colubrina VAR. cebil BARK EXTRACTED WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE AND SODIUM SULFITE SOLUTIONS . revista caatinga, 2013, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 22–27. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water with sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphite or combination
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

18-35
Internal remarks:

tannins (bark)

Endpoint study #1: Tokarnia, Carlos Hubinger., Peixoto, Paulo Vargas., Dobereiner, Jurgen. Experimental poisoning by Piptadenia macrocarpa (Leg. Mimosoideae) in bovines . pesquisa veterinaria brasileira, 1994, vol. 14, no. 2-3, p. 57–63. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

Hydrogen cyanide (cyanides expressed as hydrogen cyanide) (RF-0243-001-PPP)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Gram/kilogram (G015A)
Effect concentration:

>10
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

Respiratory (TT005A)
Effect description:

difficulty in chewing, instability, difficulties in locomotion, muscular tremors, lassitude, somnolence, falling down, pronounced dyspnea, with difficulties of inspiration and slight to moderate meteorism. Death
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

Experimental poisoning in bovines

Endpoint study #2: Ott, J. Pharmanopo-psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine . journal of psychoactive drugs, 2001, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 273–281. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

bufotenine (RF-00003718-PAR)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

pure base and ground seed
Type of toxicological test:

study with volunteers (CHD056TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Central Nervous System (TT035A)
Effect description:

psychoactive, visual effects, auditory effects, euphoria
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

neurology (CHD027BE)
Internal remarks:

human self-experiment on bufotenine from seed