EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. // Sesbania aegyptiaca Poir.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 3
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Canavanine in leaves #2: Saponins in leaves

Endpoint Studies

#1: Mortality; lower feed intake and growth in chicken #2: Trypsin inhibition #3: Reproductive and developmental toxicity in sheep

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Shqueir, A.A., Brown, D.L., Klasing, K.C. Canavanine content and toxicity of sesbania leaf meal for growing chicks. animal feed science and technology, 1989, vol. 25, no. 1-2, p. 137–147. DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(89)90114-4. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Canavanine (RF-00003991-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Fluorimetry, Nephelometry and Polarimetry (F011A)
Result unit:

Gram/kilogram (G015A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.3
Internal remarks:

Canavanine in leaves

Composition #2: Hussein, L., El-Fouly, M.M., El-Baz, F.K., Ghanem, S.A. Nutritional quality and the presence of anti-nutritional factors in leaf protein concentrates (LPC). international journal of food sciences and nutrition, 1999, vol. 50, no. 5, p. 333–343. DOI: 10.1080/096374899101067. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

crude extract
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.55
Internal remarks:

Saponins in leaves

Endpoint study #1: Shqueir, A.A., Brown, D.L., Klasing, K.C. Canavanine content and toxicity of sesbania leaf meal for growing chicks. animal feed science and technology, 1989, vol. 25, no. 1-2, p. 137–147. DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(89)90114-4. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Gallus gallus (chicken) (as animal) (A057Z)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

2.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Percent (G138A)
Effect concentration:

20
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

Mortality - 20% sesbania diet killed 47 % of the chicks; decreased feed intake, growth and survival
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

Mortality; lower feed intake and growth in chicken

Endpoint study #2: Hussein, L., El-Fouly, M.M., El-Baz, F.K., Ghanem, S.A. Nutritional quality and the presence of anti-nutritional factors in leaf protein concentrates (LPC). international journal of food sciences and nutrition, 1999, vol. 50, no. 5, p. 333–343. DOI: 10.1080/096374899101067. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

crude extract
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Unit (G005A)
Effect concentration:

3.636
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Stomach (TT027A)
Effect description:

Trypsin inhibition - 3.636 unit/gram leaf protein concentrate
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

Trypsin inhibition

Endpoint study #3: Melaku, S., Peters, K.J., Tegegne, A. Feed intake, live weight gain and reproductive performance of Menz ewes supplemented with Lablab purpureus, graded levels of Leucaena pallida 14203 and Sesbania sesban 1198. livestock production science, 2004, vol. 87, no. 2-3, p. 131–142. DOI: 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.09.021. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Sheep (as animal) (A057G)
Sex:

Female
Exposure duration:

6.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Month (G206A)
Number of organisms dosed:

70
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Percent (G138A)
Effect concentration:

0.9-1.5
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

Urogenital (TT006A)
Effect description:

Mortality of pregnant sheep feeding with 0.9-1.5% per BW of S. sesban dried leaves; lower fecundity (abortion, stillbirth, mortality); fetal resorption; developmental issue in one lamb
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

Reproductive and developmental toxicity in sheep