EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Lycoris radiata (L'Hér.) Herb. // Lycoris radiata var. pumila Grey

Family:: Amaryllidaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 7
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: benzylphenethylamine alkaloids in bulb #2: benzylphenethylamine alkaloids in flower #3: galanthamine, tazettine, haemanthamine, O-demethylgalantamine, 2α-hydroxyl-6-O-methyloduline, hippeastrine, homolycorine, 9-O-demethylhomolycorine, zephyranthine, lycoramine, and macronine in bulbs #4: Lycoricidinol in bulbs #5: Lycorine in bulbs #6: Lycorine in bulbs #7: Galanthamine in bulbs #8: Lycorine in bulbs #9: Galanthamine in bulbs #10: Galanthamine in bulbs #11: Homolycorine in bulbs #12: Lycorenine in bulbs #13: Tazettine in bulbs #14: Alkaloids in flower

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Wang, Huan., Wang, Yue-hu., Zhao, Fu-wei., Huang, Qiao-qin., Xu, Jin-jin., Ma, Li-juan., Long, Chun-lin. Benzylphenethylamine alkaloids from the bulbs and flowers of Lycoris radiata. chinese herbal medicines, 2011, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 60–63. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol; extracted from flowers and bulbs
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

benzylphenethylamine alkaloids: lycoramine and der.; galanthamine; lycorine and der., caranine, ungminorine, narciclasine; hippeastrine and der.; ungerine; O-demethylhaemanthamine; haemanthidine; 8-demethoxyhostasine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

benzylphenethylamine alkaloids in bulb

Composition #2: Wang, Huan., Wang, Yue-hu., Zhao, Fu-wei., Huang, Qiao-qin., Xu, Jin-jin., Ma, Li-juan., Long, Chun-lin. Benzylphenethylamine alkaloids from the bulbs and flowers of Lycoris radiata. chinese herbal medicines, 2011, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 60–63. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol; extracted from flowers and bulbs
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

benzylphenethylamine alkaloids: lycoramine and der.; galanthamine; lycorine and der., caranine, ungminorine, narciclasine; hippeastrine and der.; ungerine; O-demethylhaemanthamine; haemanthidine; 8-demethoxyhostasine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

benzylphenethylamine alkaloids in flower

Composition #3: Hu, Yu-huai., Mu, Shu-zhen., Yan, Chen., Sun, Zhi-feng., Zhang, Jian-xin., Hao, Xiao-jiang. Isolation and identification of alkaloids of bulbs of Lycoris radiata Herb. produced in Guizhou province. shenyang yaoke daxue xuebao, 2013, vol. 30, no. 7, p. 517–522. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

galanthamine, tazettine, haemanthamine, O-demethylgalantamine, 2α-hydroxyl-6-O-methyloduline, hippeastrine, homolycorine, 9-O-demethylhomolycorine, zephyranthine, lycoramine, and macronine
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

galanthamine, tazettine, haemanthamine, O-demethylgalantamine, 2α-hydroxyl-6-O-methyloduline, hippeastrine, homolycorine, 9-O-demethylhomolycorine, zephyranthine, lycoramine, and macronine in bulbs

Composition #4: Yamazaki, Yoshimitsu., Kawano, Yasuhiro. Inhibitory Effects of Herbal Alkaloids on the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264 Macrophages . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2011, vol. 59, no. 3, p. 388–391. DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.388. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Lycoricidinol
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Lycoricidinol in bulbs

Composition #5: Yamazaki, Yoshimitsu., Kawano, Yasuhiro. Inhibitory Effects of Herbal Alkaloids on the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264 Macrophages . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2011, vol. 59, no. 3, p. 388–391. DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.388. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

lycorine (RF-00003913-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Lycorine in bulbs

Composition #6: Guo, Ying., Pigni, Natalia B., Zheng, Yuhong., Paulo de Andrade, Jean., Torras-Claveria, Laura., de Souza Borges, Warley., Viladomat, Francesc., Codina, Caries., Bastida, Jaume. Analysis of Bioactive Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Profiles in Lycoris Species by GC-MS . natural product communications, 2014, vol. 9, no. 8, p. 1081–1086. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

lycorine (RF-00003913-PAR)
Substance used for equivalence:

galanthamine (RF-00003399-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

338-923
Internal remarks:

Lycorine in bulbs

Composition #7: Guo, Ying., Pigni, Natalia B., Zheng, Yuhong., Paulo de Andrade, Jean., Torras-Claveria, Laura., de Souza Borges, Warley., Viladomat, Francesc., Codina, Caries., Bastida, Jaume. Analysis of Bioactive Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Profiles in Lycoris Species by GC-MS . natural product communications, 2014, vol. 9, no. 8, p. 1081–1086. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

galanthamine (RF-00003399-PAR)
Substance used for equivalence:

galanthamine (RF-00003399-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0-836
Internal remarks:

Galanthamine in bulbs

Composition #8: Wang, Yanchao., Zhu, Guimei., Li, Xia., Hao, Zaibin. Simultaneous determination of galanthamine and lycorine in Lycoris radiata by a capillary electrophoresis with an electrochemiluminescence method . journal of separation science, 2014, vol. 37, no. 20, p. 3007–3012. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400639. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

lycorine (RF-00003913-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

capillary electrophoresis with an electrochemiluminescence method
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.07-18
Internal remarks:

Lycorine in bulbs

Composition #9: Wang, Yanchao., Zhu, Guimei., Li, Xia., Hao, Zaibin. Simultaneous determination of galanthamine and lycorine in Lycoris radiata by a capillary electrophoresis with an electrochemiluminescence method . journal of separation science, 2014, vol. 37, no. 20, p. 3007–3012. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400639. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

galanthamine (RF-00003399-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

capillary electrophoresis with an electrochemiluminescence method
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.07-17
Internal remarks:

Galanthamine in bulbs

Composition #10: Sun, Shuangjiao., Wei, Yanfen., Cao, Yupin., Deng, Biyang. Simultaneous electrochemiluminescence determination of galanthamine, homolycorine, lycorenine, and tazettine in Lycoris radiata by capillary electrophoresis with ultrasonic-assisted extraction . journal of chromatography b-analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2017, vol. 1055, p. 15–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.020. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Substance:

galanthamine (RF-00003399-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-ECL and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.09
Internal remarks:

Galanthamine in bulbs

Composition #11: Sun, Shuangjiao., Wei, Yanfen., Cao, Yupin., Deng, Biyang. Simultaneous electrochemiluminescence determination of galanthamine, homolycorine, lycorenine, and tazettine in Lycoris radiata by capillary electrophoresis with ultrasonic-assisted extraction . journal of chromatography b-analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2017, vol. 1055, p. 15–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.020. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Substance:

homolycorine (RF-00003868-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-ECL
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.16
Internal remarks:

Homolycorine in bulbs

Composition #12: Sun, Shuangjiao., Wei, Yanfen., Cao, Yupin., Deng, Biyang. Simultaneous electrochemiluminescence determination of galanthamine, homolycorine, lycorenine, and tazettine in Lycoris radiata by capillary electrophoresis with ultrasonic-assisted extraction . journal of chromatography b-analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2017, vol. 1055, p. 15–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.020. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Substance:

lycorenine (RF-00003478-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-ECL and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.11
Internal remarks:

Lycorenine in bulbs

Composition #13: Sun, Shuangjiao., Wei, Yanfen., Cao, Yupin., Deng, Biyang. Simultaneous electrochemiluminescence determination of galanthamine, homolycorine, lycorenine, and tazettine in Lycoris radiata by capillary electrophoresis with ultrasonic-assisted extraction . journal of chromatography b-analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2017, vol. 1055, p. 15–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.020. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Substance:

tazettine (RF-00003599-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-ECL and ultrasonic-assisted extraction
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.2
Internal remarks:

Tazettine in bulbs

Composition #14: KIHARA, M., KONISHI, K., XU, L., KOBAYASHI, S. ALKALOIDAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLOWERS OF LYCORIS-RADIATA HERB (AMARYLLIDACEAE) . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1991, vol. 39, no. 7, p. 1849–1853. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

CHCl3-MeOH (2:1)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

galanthamine and der.; lycoramine and der.; hippeastrine and der; O-methyllicorenine and derivatives; homolycorine; O-demethyllicoramine; vittatine; tazettine; lycorine and derivatives; haemanthidine; dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine and derivatives
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in flower