EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Achillea arabica Kotschy // Achillea biebersteinii Afan. // Achillea biebersteinii Hub.-Mor.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 177
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: germacranolide #2: guaianolide #3: Sesquiterpene lactones (Beibersteneolide A and B) #4: 1,8-cineole in essential oil #5: Camphor in essential oil #6: 1,8-cineole in essential oil in flowers at the flowering stage #7: Camphor in essential oil of flowers at the flowering stage #8: 1,8-cineole in essential oil of leaves at te flowering stage #9: 1,8-cineole in essential oil of stem at the flowering stage #10: Camphor in the essential oil of leaves in the flowering stage #11: Camphor in the essential oil of stems in the flowering stage. #12: 1,8 cineole - essential oil #13: camphor - essential oil #14: pinocarvone - essential oil #15: cis-Ascaridol - essential oil #16: piperitone - essential oil

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Badahdah, Khadija O., El-Orfy, Hajar S. Phytochemical constituents of Achillea biebersteinii. journal of saudi chemical society, 2004, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 115–120. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

petroleum-ether, ether, methanol (1:1:1)
Substance:

Germacranolide (RF-00011355-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, MS, NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

germacranolide

Composition #2: Badahdah, Khadija O., El-Orfy, Hajar S. Phytochemical constituents of Achillea biebersteinii. journal of saudi chemical society, 2004, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 115–120. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

petroleum-ether, ether, methanol (1:1:1)
Substance:

Guaianolide (RF-00011351-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, MS, NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

guaianolide

Composition #3: Al-Howiriny, Tawfeq A., Mossa, Jaber S., Ahmed, Bahar. Beibersteneolide a and b: Two new sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea beiberstenii. indian journal of chemistry, section b: organic chemistry including medicinal chemistry, 2005, vol. 44B, no. 12, p. 2538–2544. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH extract
Substance:

Sesquiterpene lactones (RF-00004319-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Beibersteneolide A and B
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Sesquiterpene lactones (Beibersteneolide A and B)

Composition #4: Chialva, F., Monguzzi, F., Manitto, P., Akgül, A. Essential Oil Constituents of Achillea biebersteinii Afan.. journal of essential oil research, 1993, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 87–88. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1993.9698176. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

46.1
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil

Composition #5: Chialva, F., Monguzzi, F., Manitto, P., Akgül, A. Essential Oil Constituents of Achillea biebersteinii Afan.. journal of essential oil research, 1993, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 87–88. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1993.9698176. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

(-)-camphor (RF-00003469-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

17.6
Internal remarks:

Camphor in essential oil

Composition #6: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowering stage
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil in flowers at the flowering stage

Composition #7: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowering stage
Substance:

(-)-camphor (RF-00003469-PAR)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.8
Internal remarks:

Camphor in essential oil of flowers at the flowering stage

Composition #8: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowering stagge
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.3
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil of leaves at te flowering stage

Composition #9: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowering stage
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

18.8
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil of stem at the flowering stage

Composition #10: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowering stage
Substance:

(-)-camphor (RF-00003469-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.3
Internal remarks:

Camphor in the essential oil of leaves in the flowering stage

Composition #11: Mirahmadi, Seyed Fazel., Sefidkon, Fatemeh., Hassandokht, Mohammad Reza., Hassani, Mohammad Esmail. Essential oil content and composition of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. in different plant parts and phenological stages . journal of essential oil research, 2012, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 25–29. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.645636. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Flowwering stage
Substance:

(-)-camphor (RF-00003469-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC*GC/MS (F690A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

7.5
Internal remarks:

Camphor in the essential oil of stems in the flowering stage.

Composition #12: Nenaah, Gomah E. Chemical composition, toxicity and growth inhibitory activities of essential oils of three Achillea species and their nano-emulsions against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) . industrial crops and products, 2014, vol. 53, p. 252–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.042. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.3
Internal remarks:

1,8 cineole - essential oil

Composition #13: Nenaah, Gomah E. Chemical composition, toxicity and growth inhibitory activities of essential oils of three Achillea species and their nano-emulsions against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) . industrial crops and products, 2014, vol. 53, p. 252–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.042. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

8.6
Internal remarks:

camphor - essential oil

Composition #14: Nenaah, Gomah E. Chemical composition, toxicity and growth inhibitory activities of essential oils of three Achillea species and their nano-emulsions against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) . industrial crops and products, 2014, vol. 53, p. 252–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.042. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

pinocarvone (RF-00003547-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.8
Internal remarks:

pinocarvone - essential oil

Composition #15: Nenaah, Gomah E. Chemical composition, toxicity and growth inhibitory activities of essential oils of three Achillea species and their nano-emulsions against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) . industrial crops and products, 2014, vol. 53, p. 252–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.042. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

ascaridol (RF-00004159-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cis-Ascaridol
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

33.8
Internal remarks:

cis-Ascaridol - essential oil

Composition #16: Nenaah, Gomah E. Chemical composition, toxicity and growth inhibitory activities of essential oils of three Achillea species and their nano-emulsions against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) . industrial crops and products, 2014, vol. 53, p. 252–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.042. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

l-Piperitone (RF-00007699-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.4
Internal remarks:

piperitone - essential oil