EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies

Family:: Asparagaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 454
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: furostanol glycosides and spirostanol glycosides in trunk #2: saponins in unspecified part

Endpoint Studies

#1: hepatotoxicity in lambs #2: nephrotoxicity in lambs #3: mortality in lambs

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Oleszek, W., Sitek, M., Stochmal, A., Piacente, S., Pizza, C., Cheeke, P. Steroidal saponins of Yucca schidigera Roezl.. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2001, vol. 49, no. 9, p. 4392–4396. DOI: 10.1021/jf010598+. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

steroidal saponins (RF-00010818-PAR)
Additional substance description:

furostanol glycosides + spirostanol glycosides
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

and HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

furostanol glycosides and spirostanol glycosides in trunk

Composition #2: Benchaar, C., Chouinard, P. Y. Assessment of the potential of cinnamaldehyde, condensed tannins, and saponins to modify milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows . journal of dairy science, 2009, vol. 92, no. 7, p. 3392–3396. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2111. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10
Internal remarks:

saponins in unspecified part

Endpoint study #1: Wisloff, Helene., Uhlig, Silvio., Scheie, Eldri., Loader, Jared., Wilkins, Alistair., Flaoyen, Arne. Toxicity testing of saponin-containing Yucca schidigera Roetzl. juice in relation to hepato- and nephrotoxicity of Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds . toxicon, 2008, vol. 51, no. 1, p. 140–150. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.016. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

Y. schidigera 70o Brix Feed juice
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Ruminants (generic) (as animal) (A169S)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

21.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

30
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight (G226A)
Effect concentration:

1.5 -3
Critical effect:

HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

accumulation of homogeneous pale PAS-positive material in the hepatocytes in lambs
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

hepatotoxicity in lambs

Endpoint study #2: Wisloff, Helene., Uhlig, Silvio., Scheie, Eldri., Loader, Jared., Wilkins, Alistair., Flaoyen, Arne. Toxicity testing of saponin-containing Yucca schidigera Roetzl. juice in relation to hepato- and nephrotoxicity of Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds . toxicon, 2008, vol. 51, no. 1, p. 140–150. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.016. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

Y. schidigera 70o Brix Feed juice
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Ruminants (generic) (as animal) (A169S)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

21.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

30
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight (G226A)
Effect concentration:

1.5 -3
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

Urogenital (TT006A)
Effect description:

acute tubular necrosis in the kidneys, dehydration and watery content in the gastrointestinal tract.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

nephrotoxicity in lambs

Endpoint study #3: Wisloff, Helene., Uhlig, Silvio., Scheie, Eldri., Loader, Jared., Wilkins, Alistair., Flaoyen, Arne. Toxicity testing of saponin-containing Yucca schidigera Roetzl. juice in relation to hepato- and nephrotoxicity of Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds . toxicon, 2008, vol. 51, no. 1, p. 140–150. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.016. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

Y. schidigera 70o Brix Feed juice
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Ruminants (generic) (as animal) (A169S)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

21.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

30
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight (G226A)
Effect concentration:

1.5 -3
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Effect description:

12/30 lambs died or had to be euthanised.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

mortality in lambs