EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Thapsia garganica L.

Family:: Apiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 186
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: thapsigargin and thapsivillosin L in fruits #2: phenylpropanoids in fruits #3: Beta-myrcene in roots #4: Thapsigargin in roots #5: Thapsigargin #6: Elemicin in root bark #7: benzyl salicylate in root bark #8: Myristicin in root bark #9: Myrcene in root bark #10: beta-thujone in root bark #11: nortrilobolide; thapsigargicin; thapsigargin in fruits

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Liu, Huizhen., Jensen, Kent Gunnertoft., Tran, Linh My., Chen, Ming., Zhai, Lin., Olsen, Carl Erik., Sohoel, Helmer., Denmeade, Samuel R., Isaacs, John T., Christensen, S. Brogger. Cytotoxic phenylpropanoids and an additional thapsigargin analogue isolated from Thapsia garganica . phytochemistry, 2006, vol. 67, no. 24, p. 2651–2658. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.10.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

thapsigargin (RF-00003603-PAR)
Additional substance description:

thapsigargin and thapsivillosin L
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

thapsigargin and thapsivillosin L in fruits

Composition #2: Liu, Huizhen., Jensen, Kent Gunnertoft., Tran, Linh My., Chen, Ming., Zhai, Lin., Olsen, Carl Erik., Sohoel, Helmer., Denmeade, Samuel R., Isaacs, John T., Christensen, S. Brogger. Cytotoxic phenylpropanoids and an additional thapsigargin analogue isolated from Thapsia garganica . phytochemistry, 2006, vol. 67, no. 24, p. 2651–2658. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.10.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

phenylpropanoids (RF-00004367-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

phenylpropanoids in fruits

Composition #3: Drew, Damian Paul., Rasmussen, Soren K., Avato, Pinarosa., Simonsen, Henrik Toft. A Comparison of Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction and Classic Hydrodistillation for the Identification of Volatile Constituents from Thapsia spp. Provides Insights into Guaianolide Biosynthesis in Apiaceae . phytochemical analysis, 2012, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 44–51. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1323. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

beta-myrcene
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.88
Internal remarks:

Beta-myrcene in roots

Composition #4: Ollivier, Anthony., Grougnet, Raphael., Cachet, Xavier., Meriane, Djamila., Ardisson, Janick., Boutefnouchet, Sabrina., Deguin, Brigitte. Large scale purification of the SERCA inhibitor Thapsigargin from Thapsia garganica L. roots using centrifugal partition chromatography . journal of chromatography b-analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2013, vol. 926, p. 16–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.02.015. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

acetone/centrifugal partition chromatography
Substance:

thapsigargin (RF-00003603-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Thapsigargin in roots

Composition #5: Nhu Thi Quynh Doan., Paulsen, Eleonora Sandholdt., Sehgal, Pankaj., Moller, Jesper Vuust., Nissen, Poul., Denmeade, Samuel R., Isaacs, John T., Dionne, Craig A., Christensen, Soren Brogger. Targeting thapsigargin towards tumors. steroids, 2015, vol. 97, p. 2–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.07.009. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

thapsigargin (RF-00003603-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Thapsigargin

Composition #6: Hachem, Kadda., Mebarki, Moubarek., Hartani, Abdelkrim., Benabdesslem, Yasmina., Kaid-Harche, Meriem. Essential Oil Composition of the Root Bark of Thapsia garganica (L.) Growing in Northwestern Algeria . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2017, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 860–863. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation (root bark)
Substance:

elemicin (RF-00003787-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

13.06
Internal remarks:

Elemicin in root bark

Composition #7: Hachem, Kadda., Mebarki, Moubarek., Hartani, Abdelkrim., Benabdesslem, Yasmina., Kaid-Harche, Meriem. Essential Oil Composition of the Root Bark of Thapsia garganica (L.) Growing in Northwestern Algeria . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2017, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 860–863. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation (root bark)
Substance:

Benzyl salicylate (RF-00007911-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.18
Internal remarks:

benzyl salicylate in root bark

Composition #8: Hachem, Kadda., Mebarki, Moubarek., Hartani, Abdelkrim., Benabdesslem, Yasmina., Kaid-Harche, Meriem. Essential Oil Composition of the Root Bark of Thapsia garganica (L.) Growing in Northwestern Algeria . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2017, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 860–863. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation (root bark)
Substance:

myristicin (RF-00003941-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.07
Internal remarks:

Myristicin in root bark

Composition #9: Hachem, Kadda., Mebarki, Moubarek., Hartani, Abdelkrim., Benabdesslem, Yasmina., Kaid-Harche, Meriem. Essential Oil Composition of the Root Bark of Thapsia garganica (L.) Growing in Northwestern Algeria . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2017, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 860–863. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation (root bark)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.45
Internal remarks:

Myrcene in root bark

Composition #10: Hachem, Kadda., Mebarki, Moubarek., Hartani, Abdelkrim., Benabdesslem, Yasmina., Kaid-Harche, Meriem. Essential Oil Composition of the Root Bark of Thapsia garganica (L.) Growing in Northwestern Algeria . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2017, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 860–863. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation (root bark)
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

14.86
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in root bark

Composition #11: JAGER, AK., GUDIKSEN, L., ADSERSEN, A., SMITT, UW. HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY OF THAPSIGARGINS. journal of chromatography, 1993, vol. 634, no. 1, p. 135–137. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(93)80322-Y. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethyl acetate
Substance:

guaianolides (RF-00010821-PAR)
Additional substance description:

nortrilobolide; thapsigargicin; thapsigargin.
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

nortrilobolide; thapsigargicin; thapsigargin in fruits