EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Streblus asper Lour.

Family:: Moraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 226
Number of processed references:: 14

Endpoint Studies

#1: Statistically significantly reduction in white blood counts and increased cholesterol levels with two leaf extracts in mice

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Liang, Chengqin., Zhou, Xianli., Wang, Zheng., Su, Xiaojian., Xu, Qing. Chemical constituents from the leaves of Streblus asper. zhongchengyao, 2010, vol. 32, no. 5, p. 824–827. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Substance:

Salicylic acid (RF-00000241-VET)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

spectroscopy
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Salicylic acid in leaves

Composition #2: Liang, Chengqin., Zhou, Xianli., Wang, Zheng., Su, Xiaojian., Xu, Qing. Chemical constituents from the leaves of Streblus asper. zhongchengyao, 2010, vol. 32, no. 5, p. 824–827. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Substance:

magnolol (RF-00003920-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

spectroscopy
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Magnolol in leaves

Composition #3: Lu, Xuewen., Li, Jun., Huang, Cuiping., Meng, Aiping., Zhu, Shengjun. Chemical constituents in leaves of streblus asper. guangxi shifan daxue xuebao, ziran kexueban, 2009, vol. 27, no. 4, p. 61–64. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

carboline alkaloids (RF-00004384-PAR)
Additional substance description:

harmala alkaloids ( perlolyrine, flazine, 1-acetyl-β-carboline)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Carboline alkaloids in leaves

Composition #4: Chen, Zizhan., Li, Jun., Wu, Qiang., Yang, Ruiyun., Li, Luqing., Li, Shan., Huang, Jiguo. Chemical constituents and antiphlogistic activity of the bark of Streblus asper. guangxi zhiwu, 2011, vol. 31, no. 6, p. 849–852. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Substance:

pregnane derivatives (RF-00004313-PAR)
Additional substance description:

3β,20-dihydroxy-5β-pregnanes
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

and other spectroscopic methods
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Pregnanes in bark

Composition #5: Chen, Zizhan., Li, Jun., Wu, Qiang., Yang, Ruiyun., Li, Luqing., Li, Shan., Huang, Jiguo. Chemical constituents and antiphlogistic activity of the bark of Streblus asper. guangxi zhiwu, 2011, vol. 31, no. 6, p. 849–852. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Substance:

Naphthoquinones (RF-00010839-PAR)
Additional substance description:

6-ethyl-5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

and other spectroscopic methods
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Naphtoquinone in bark

Composition #6: Hano, Y., Juma, P., Abliz, Z., Sun, HD., Nomura, T. Two new cardenolide glycosides from Streblus asper. heterocycles, 2003, vol. 59, no. 2, p. 805–809. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

strebloside (RF-00003590-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

strebloside in roots

Composition #7: Hano, Y., Juma, P., Abliz, Z., Sun, HD., Nomura, T. Two new cardenolide glycosides from Streblus asper. heterocycles, 2003, vol. 59, no. 2, p. 805–809. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

asperosid (RF-00004166-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

asperosid in roots

Composition #8: Hano, Y., Juma, P., Abliz, Z., Sun, HD., Nomura, T. Two new cardenolide glycosides from Streblus asper. heterocycles, 2003, vol. 59, no. 2, p. 805–809. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Additional substance description:

new cardenolide glycosides, digitoxigenin-3-O-β- (3’-O-methyl)glucopyranoside; 11, 19-dihydroxydigitoxigenin-3-O-β- (3’-O-methyl)glucopyranoside and sarmethoside
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cardiac glycosides in roots

Composition #9: Chaturvedi, SK. Saponin from Streblus asper roots. asian journal of chemistry, 2005, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 637–637. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, melting point, MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in roots

Composition #10: Li, Jun., Zhang, Yan-Jun., Jin, Bai-Feng., Su, Xiao-Jian., Tao, Yi-Wen., She, Zhi-Gang., Lin, Yong-Cheng. (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments for two lignans from the heartwood of Streblus asper . magnetic resonance in chemistry, 2008, vol. 46, no. 5, p. 497–500. DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2186. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Wood (as part-nature) (A166P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

75% ethanol
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

magnolignan A-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, strebluslignanol, magnolignan A , magnolol, magnaldehyde D
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Lignans in wood

Composition #11: Chen, Hong., Li, Jun., Wu, Qiang., Niu, Xiao-Tao., Tang, Mao-Tong., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Su, Xiao-Jian. Anti-HBV activities of Streblus asper and constituents of its roots. fitoterapia, 2012, vol. 83, no. 4, p. 643–649. DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.01.009. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

honokiol (RF-00003871-PAR)
Additional substance description:

and magnatriol B
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Honokiol and magnatriol B in roots

Composition #12: Chen, Hong., Li, Jun., Wu, Qiang., Niu, Xiao-Tao., Tang, Mao-Tong., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Su, Xiao-Jian. Anti-HBV activities of Streblus asper and constituents of its roots. fitoterapia, 2012, vol. 83, no. 4, p. 643–649. DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.01.009. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

neolignans (RF-00004386-PAR)
Additional substance description:

glycosmisic acid
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

neolignans (glycosmisic acid) in roots

Composition #13: Chen, Hong., Li, Jun., Wu, Qiang., Niu, Xiao-Tao., Tang, Mao-Tong., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Su, Xiao-Jian. Anti-HBV activities of Streblus asper and constituents of its roots. fitoterapia, 2012, vol. 83, no. 4, p. 643–649. DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.01.009. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

isoflavones (RF-00004359-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isoflavones in roots

Composition #14: Li, Jun., Huang, Yan., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Wu, Qiang., Zhang, Yan-Jun., Su, Xiao-Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun. Anti-hepatitis B virus constituents from the stem bark of Streblus asper. phytochemistry, 2012, vol. 82, p. 100–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.06.023. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Lignans in stem bark

Composition #15: Li, Jun., Huang, Yan., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Wu, Qiang., Zhang, Yan-Jun., Su, Xiao-Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun. Anti-hepatitis B virus constituents from the stem bark of Streblus asper. phytochemistry, 2012, vol. 82, p. 100–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.06.023. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

neolignans (RF-00004386-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Neolignans in stem bark

Composition #16: Li, Jun., Huang, Yan., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Wu, Qiang., Zhang, Yan-Jun., Su, Xiao-Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun. Anti-hepatitis B virus constituents from the stem bark of Streblus asper. phytochemistry, 2012, vol. 82, p. 100–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.06.023. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

magnolol (RF-00003920-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Magnolol in stem bark

Composition #17: Li, Jun., Meng, Ai-Ping., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Wu, Qiang., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Su, Xiao-Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun. Anti-hepatitis B virus lignans from the root of Streblus asper. bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013, vol. 23, no. 7, p. 2238–2244. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.046. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

strebluslignanol,isomagnaldehyde,isostrebluslignanaldehyde, randaiol, strebluslignanol, magnolignan A, magnolignan glucopyranoside,obovatol,isolariciresinol,9-b-xylopyranosyl-()-isolariciresinol,glycosmisic acid, magnaldehyde D and cedrusin
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

and MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Lignans in root

Composition #18: Li, Jun., Meng, Ai-Ping., Guan, Xin-Lan., Li, Jian., Wu, Qiang., Deng, Sheng-Ping., Su, Xiao-Jian., Yang, Rui-Yun. Anti-hepatitis B virus lignans from the root of Streblus asper. bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013, vol. 23, no. 7, p. 2238–2244. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.046. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

magnolol (RF-00003920-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

and MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Magnolol in root

Composition #19: Verma, Vandana., Tripathi, Avinash C., Saraf, Shailendra K. Bioactive non-sterol triterpenoid from Streblus asper: microwave-assisted extraction, HPTLC profiling, computational studies and neuro-pharmacological evaluation in BALB/c mice . pharmaceutical biology, 2016, vol. 54, no. 11, p. 2454–2464. DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1160132. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in bark

Composition #20: Ren, Yulin., Chen, Wei-Lun., Lantvit, Daniel D., Sass, Ellen J., Shriwas, Pratik., Tran Ngoc Ninh., Chai, Hee-Byung., Zhang, Xiaoli., Soejarto, Djaja D., Chen, Xiaozhuo., Lucas, David M., Swanson, Steven M., Burdette, Joanna E., Kinghorn, A. Douglas. Cardiac Glycoside Constituents of Streblus asper with Potential Antineoplastic Activity . journal of natural products, 2017, vol. 80, no. 3, p. 648–658. DOI: 10.1021/acsjnatprod.6b00924. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Additional substance description:

(+)-19-hydroxykamaloside, (+)-5- hydroxyasperoside, (+)-3'-de-O-methylkamaloside, (+)-3-O-β-D-fucopyranosylperiplogenin and (+)-strebloside
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ms, uv, ir
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycosides in stem bark

Composition #21: PRAKASH, K., DEEPAK, D., KHARE, A., KHARE, MP. A PREGNANE GLYCOSIDE FROM STREBLUS-ASPER. phytochemistry, 1992, vol. 31, no. 3, p. 1056–1057. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Additional substance description:

(+)-19-hydroxykamaloside
Analytical method code:

Chromatographic tests (F015A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cardiac glycosides in stem bark

Composition #22: PRAKASH, K., DEEPAK, D., KHARE, A., KHARE, MP. A PREGNANE GLYCOSIDE FROM STREBLUS-ASPER. phytochemistry, 1992, vol. 31, no. 3, p. 1056–1057. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

strebloside (RF-00003590-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Chromatographic tests (F015A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

strebloside in stem bark

Composition #23: CHATTERJEE, RK., FATMA, N., MURTHY, PK., SINHA, P., KULSHRESTHA, DK., DHAWAN, BN. MACROFILARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE STEMBARK OF STREBLUS-ASPER AND ITS MAJOR ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS . drug development research, 1992, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 67–78. DOI: 10.1002/ddr.430260106. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

asperosid (RF-00004166-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Asperosid in stem bark

Composition #24: CHATTERJEE, RK., FATMA, N., MURTHY, PK., SINHA, P., KULSHRESTHA, DK., DHAWAN, BN. MACROFILARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE STEMBARK OF STREBLUS-ASPER AND ITS MAJOR ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS . drug development research, 1992, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 67–78. DOI: 10.1002/ddr.430260106. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

strebloside (RF-00003590-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Strebloside in stem bark

Endpoint study #1: Kumar, R. B. Suresh., Puratchikodi, A., Prasanna, Angelene., Dolai, Narayan., Majumder, Piyali., Mazumder, U. K., Haldar, P. K. Pre clinical studies of Streblus asper Lour in terms of behavioural safety and toxicity . oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine, 2011, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 243–249. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Two extracts petroleum ether and methanol extracts
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

28.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

18
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

400
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

Cardiovascular / Haematological (TT001A)
Effect description:

Both extracts: Statistically significantly reduction in white blood counts and increased cholesterol levels
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

haematology (CHD023BE)
Internal remarks:

Statistically significantly reduction in white blood counts and increased cholesterol levels with two leaf extracts in mice