EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson

Family:: Menispermaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 613
Number of processed references:: 9

Compositions

#1: Sinomenine and other alkaloids in stems #2: ambelline #3: Stepharine #4: sinomenine #5: Anthraquinones in stems and rhizomes (combined) #6: Emodin in stems and rhizomes (combined) #7: (E)-3,3'-Dimethoxy-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene in stems and rhizomes (combined) #8: Phenanthrenes in stems and rhizomes (combined) #9: p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in stems and rhizomes (combined) #10: Sinomenine in roots #11: Sinactine in roots #12: Aporphine alkaloids in stems and roots (combined) #13: N-feruloylamine in stems and roots (combined) #14: Curine (1-bebeerine) in plants #15: Magnoflorine in plants #16: Isotetrandrine in plants #17: Sinomenine in plants #18: Liriodendrin in roots #19: Syringaresinol and Syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in roots #20: Isoquinoline alkaloids in roots

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Song, Shaohui., Zhang, Yuanhu., Huang, Zhuyan. Study on the alkaloids of Sinomenium acutum. shizhen guoyi guoyao, 2011, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 327–328. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

sinomenine and other alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Unknown (F500A)
Analytical method - additional description:

review
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Sinomenine and other alkaloids in stems

Composition #2: Wu, Zhenqi., Guo, Jianming., Chen, Qinhua., Li, Huifeng., Li, Weiliang., Zhang, Jugen., Wang, Guomin. Analysis of total alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. yiyao daobao, 2012, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 495–497. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

90% alcohol
Substance:

ambelline (RF-00004141-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.44
Internal remarks:

ambelline

Composition #3: Wu, Zhenqi., Guo, Jianming., Chen, Qinhua., Li, Huifeng., Li, Weiliang., Zhang, Jugen., Wang, Guomin. Analysis of total alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. yiyao daobao, 2012, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 495–497. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

90% alcohol
Substance:

Stepharine (RF-00013689-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.05
Internal remarks:

Stepharine

Composition #4: Wu, Zhenqi., Guo, Jianming., Chen, Qinhua., Li, Huifeng., Li, Weiliang., Zhang, Jugen., Wang, Guomin. Analysis of total alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. yiyao daobao, 2012, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 495–497. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

90% alcohol
Substance:

sinomenine (RF-00003579-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

80.18
Internal remarks:

sinomenine

Composition #5: Lv, H., Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Tu, P. Phenanthrenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic constituents from Sinomenium acutum. journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences, 2017, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 440–446. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol (stems and rhizomes)
Substance:

anthraquinones (RF-00004343-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinones in stems and rhizomes (combined)

Composition #6: Lv, H., Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Tu, P. Phenanthrenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic constituents from Sinomenium acutum. journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences, 2017, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 440–446. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol (stems and rhizomes)
Substance:

Emodin (RF-00003798-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Emodin in stems and rhizomes (combined)

Composition #7: Lv, H., Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Tu, P. Phenanthrenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic constituents from Sinomenium acutum. journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences, 2017, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 440–446. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol (stems and rhizomes)
Substance:

Stilbenes, stilbene derivatives (RF-00000284-VET)
Additional substance description:

"(E)-3,3'-Dimethoxy-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene"
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

(E)-3,3'-Dimethoxy-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene in stems and rhizomes (combined)

Composition #8: Lv, H., Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Tu, P. Phenanthrenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic constituents from Sinomenium acutum. journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences, 2017, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 440–446. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol (stems and rhizomes)
Substance:

Phenanthrenes (RF-00010826-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Phenanthrenes in stems and rhizomes (combined)

Composition #9: Lv, H., Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Tu, P. Phenanthrenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic constituents from Sinomenium acutum. journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences, 2017, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 440–446. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol (stems and rhizomes)
Substance:

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (RF-00001976-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in stems and rhizomes (combined)

Composition #10: Li, YQ., Cui, SY., Cheng, YQ., Chen, XG., Hu, ZD. Application of nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis for quantitative analysis of quinolizidine alkaloids in Chinese herbs . analytica chimica acta, 2004, vol. 508, no. 1, p. 17–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.043. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

sinomenine (RF-00003579-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.80
Internal remarks:

Sinomenine in roots

Composition #11: Wang, XL. Tetrahydroepiberberine. acta crystallographica section e-structure reports online, 2006, vol. 62, p. O1271–O1272. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536806007471. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

benzene
Substance:

sinactine (RF-00003578-PAR)
Additional substance description:

also known as: tetrahydroepiberberine
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Sinactine in roots

Composition #12: Min, Yong Deuk., Choi, Sang Un., Lee, Kang Ro. Aporphine alkaloids and their reversal activity of multidrug resistance (MDR) from the stems and rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum . archives of pharmacal research, 2006, vol. 29, no. 8, p. 627–632. DOI: 10.1007/BF02968246. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Aporphine alkaloids (RF-00010806-PAR)
Additional substance description:

dauriporphine, bianfugecine, dauriporphinoline, menisporphine, (-)-syringaresinol, acutumine, dauricumine, sinomenine, and magnoflorine
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Aporphine alkaloids in stems and roots (combined)

Composition #13: Min, Yong Deuk., Choi, Sang Un., Lee, Kang Ro. Aporphine alkaloids and their reversal activity of multidrug resistance (MDR) from the stems and rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum . archives of pharmacal research, 2006, vol. 29, no. 8, p. 627–632. DOI: 10.1007/BF02968246. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Moupinamide (RF-00011093-PAR)
Additional substance description:

"N-feruloyltyramine"
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

N-feruloylamine in stems and roots (combined)

Composition #14: Wang, Lili., Xu, Huifeng., Ye, Hongzhi., Yu, Lishuang., Lin, Zhenyu., Liu, Xianxiang., Chen, Guonan. Field-amplified sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum . analytical methods, 2013, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 5267–5271. DOI: 10.1039/c3ay40709h. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

1-bebeerine (RF-00004118-PAR)
Additional substance description:

"curine"
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.32
Internal remarks:

Curine (1-bebeerine) in plants

Composition #15: Wang, Lili., Xu, Huifeng., Ye, Hongzhi., Yu, Lishuang., Lin, Zhenyu., Liu, Xianxiang., Chen, Guonan. Field-amplified sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum . analytical methods, 2013, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 5267–5271. DOI: 10.1039/c3ay40709h. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

magnoflorine (RF-00003919-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.86
Internal remarks:

Magnoflorine in plants

Composition #16: Wang, Lili., Xu, Huifeng., Ye, Hongzhi., Yu, Lishuang., Lin, Zhenyu., Liu, Xianxiang., Chen, Guonan. Field-amplified sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum . analytical methods, 2013, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 5267–5271. DOI: 10.1039/c3ay40709h. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

isotetrandrine (RF-00003452-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.24
Internal remarks:

Isotetrandrine in plants

Composition #17: Wang, Lili., Xu, Huifeng., Ye, Hongzhi., Yu, Lishuang., Lin, Zhenyu., Liu, Xianxiang., Chen, Guonan. Field-amplified sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum . analytical methods, 2013, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 5267–5271. DOI: 10.1039/c3ay40709h. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

sinomenine (RF-00003579-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.64
Internal remarks:

Sinomenine in plants

Composition #18: Kim, Ki Hyun., Moon, Sae Rom., Kim, Chung Sub., Woo, Kyeong Wan., Choi, Sang Un., Lee, Kang Ro. Lignan Glucosides from Sinomenium acutum Rhizomes. bioscience biotechnology and biochemistry, 2013, vol. 77, no. 10, p. 2144–2147. DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130445. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

80% aqueous methanol
Substance:

Liriodendrin (RF-00011085-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, IR, optical rotation
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Liriodendrin in roots

Composition #19: Kim, Ki Hyun., Moon, Sae Rom., Kim, Chung Sub., Woo, Kyeong Wan., Choi, Sang Un., Lee, Kang Ro. Lignan Glucosides from Sinomenium acutum Rhizomes. bioscience biotechnology and biochemistry, 2013, vol. 77, no. 10, p. 2144–2147. DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130445. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

80% aqueous methanol
Substance:

syringaresinol (RF-00011386-PAR)
Additional substance description:

syringaresinol and Syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, IR, optical rotation
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Syringaresinol and Syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in roots

Composition #20: Lee, Ji Young., Kim, Kwang-Jin., Kim, Jinhee., Choi, Sang Un., Kim, Seong Hwan., Ryu, Shi Yong. Anti-osteoclastogenic effects of isoquinoline alkaloids from the rhizome extract of Sinomenium acutum . archives of pharmacal research, 2016, vol. 39, no. 5, p. 713–720. DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0734-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Isoquinoline alkaloids (RF-00004391-PAR)
Additional substance description:

13 derivatives: e.g. 8-demethoxycephatonine, 7-(R)-dihydrosinomenine, 14-episinomenine, sinomenine-N-oxide, salutaridine, acutumidine, dauricumine, dauriporphine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isoquinoline alkaloids in roots