EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Katuk (as plant) // Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.

Family:: Phyllanthaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 253
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: isolariciresinol and syringaresinol glycosides in aerial parts

Endpoint Studies

#1: severe and progressive respiratory distress in humans #2: Bronchiolitis Obliterans syndrom in humans

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Kanchanapoom, T., Chumsri, P., Kasai, R., Otsuka, H., Yamasaki, K. Lignan and megastigmane glycosides from Sauropus androgynus. phytochemistry, 2003, vol. 63, no. 8, p. 985–988. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00219-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

isolariciresinol and syringaresinol glycosides
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

isolariciresinol and syringaresinol glycosides in aerial parts

Endpoint study #1: Luh, SP., Lee, YC., Chang, YL., Wu, HD., Kuo, SH., Chu, SH. Lung transplantation for patients with end-stage Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchiolitis obliterans (SABO) syndrome . clinical transplantation, 1999, vol. 13, no. 6, p. 496–503. DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0012.1999.130610.x. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

20.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

80
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per day (G233A)
Effect concentration:

50 - 200
Critical effect:

PULMONARY AND CARDIAC (TOX08A)
Target tissue:

respiratory: Lung (TT041A)
Effect description:

Insomnia, palpitation followed by dyspnea and chest tightness were noted, and at least 30 /80 patients developed severe and progressive respiratory distress
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

other (CHD003BE)
Internal remarks:

severe and progressive respiratory distress in humans

Endpoint study #2: Ger, LP., Chiang, AA., Lai, RS., Chen, SM., Tseng, CJ. Association of Sauropus androgynus and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: A hospital-based case-control study . american journal of epidemiology, 1997, vol. 145, no. 9, p. 842–849. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Type of toxicological test:

study with volunteers (CHD056TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

108
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent no treatment
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

PULMONARY AND CARDIAC (TOX08A)
Target tissue:

respiratory: Lung (TT041A)
Effect description:

Larger total amounts of S. androgynus consumption, preparation of S. androgynus food without cooking, and ingestion of S. androgynus food prepared by vendors were the significant risk factors associated with Bronchiolitis Obliterans syndrome.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

food consumption (CHD007BE)
Internal remarks:

Bronchiolitis Obliterans syndrom in humans