EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Sanguinaria canadensis L.

Family:: Papaveraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 399
Number of processed references:: 2

Compositions

#1: Chelerythrine in rhizomes #2: Chelilutine in rhizomes #3: sanguinarine in rhizomes #4: Chelirubine in rhizomes #5: Sanguilutine in rhizomes #6: Sanguirubine in rhizomes #7: chelerythrine in plant fluid #8: sanguirubine and/or chelilutine in plant fluid #9: Chelirubine in plant fluid #10: sanguinarine in plant fluid #11: Allocryptopine in plant fluid #12: Protopine in plant fluid #13: sanguilutine in plant fluid

Endpoint Studies

#1: Lethal dose in rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

chelerythrine (RF-00004204-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

24 - 25
Internal remarks:

Chelerythrine in rhizomes

Composition #2: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chelilutine
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5 - 32
Internal remarks:

Chelilutine in rhizomes

Composition #3: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

sanguinarine (RF-00004040-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

40 - 50
Internal remarks:

sanguinarine in rhizomes

Composition #4: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chelirubine
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.5 - 4
Internal remarks:

Chelirubine in rhizomes

Composition #5: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Sanguilutine
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15
Internal remarks:

Sanguilutine in rhizomes

Composition #6: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Sanguirubine
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5 - 1
Internal remarks:

Sanguirubine in rhizomes

Composition #7: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

chelerythrine
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

32 - 35
Internal remarks:

chelerythrine in plant fluid

Composition #8: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

sanguirubine, chelilutine
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sanguirubine and/or chelilutine in plant fluid

Composition #9: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chelirubine
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2 - 5
Internal remarks:

Chelirubine in plant fluid

Composition #10: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

sanguinarine (RF-00004040-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

30-38
Internal remarks:

sanguinarine in plant fluid

Composition #11: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

allocryptopine (RF-00004136-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5 - 8
Internal remarks:

Allocryptopine in plant fluid

Composition #12: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

protopine (RF-00004010-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2 - 5
Internal remarks:

Protopine in plant fluid

Composition #13: BAMBAGIOTTIALBERTI, M., PINZAUTI, S., MONETI, G., GRATTERI, P., CORAN, SA., VINCIERI, FF. CHARACTERIZATION OF SANGUINARIA-CANADENSIS L FLUID EXTRACT BY FAB MASS-SPECTROMETRY . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1991, vol. 9, no. 10-12, p. 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80048-E. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

(plant fluid)
Substance:

benzophenanthridine alkaloids (RF-00010802-PAR)
Additional substance description:

sanguilutine
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10-15
Internal remarks:

sanguilutine in plant fluid

Endpoint study #1: Becci, Peter J., Schwartz, Harold., Barnes, Hamlin H., Southard, G. Lee. Short-term toxicity studies of sanguinarine and of two alkaloid extracts of Sanguinaria canadensis L. journal of toxicology and environmental health, 1987, vol. 20(1-2), p. 199–208. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol (powdered rhizomes)
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Limit test:

Yes
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Sprague-Dawley (CHD012ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

1.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

20
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

1250-1658
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Effect description:

The acute oral LD50 measurements in rats for sanguinarine chloride and the two sanguinaria extracts were within the range of 1250-1658 mg/kg body weight.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

Lethal dose in rats