EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Greek sage (as plant) // Salvia fruticosa Mill. // Salvia triloba L.f.

Family:: Lamiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 386
Number of processed references:: 6

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

#1: leaf extract induced chromosome aberrations #2: leaf extract induced increased frequency of micronucleus

Composition #1: Daferera, DJ., Ziogas, BN., Polissiou, MG. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium sp and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis . crop protection, 2003, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 39–44. DOI: 10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00095-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10.2
Internal remarks:

camphor

Composition #2: Daferera, DJ., Ziogas, BN., Polissiou, MG. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium sp and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis . crop protection, 2003, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 39–44. DOI: 10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00095-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

beta-myrcene
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.6
Internal remarks:

beta-myrcene

Composition #3: Daferera, DJ., Ziogas, BN., Polissiou, MG. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium sp and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis . crop protection, 2003, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 39–44. DOI: 10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00095-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Additional substance description:

thujone
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.1
Internal remarks:

thujone

Composition #4: Longaray Delamare, Ana Paula., Moschen-Pistorello, Ivete T., Artico, Liane., Atti-Serafini, Luciana., Echeverrigaray, Sergio. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. cultivated in South Brazil . food chemistry, 2007, vol. 100, no. 2, p. 603–608. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.078. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.7
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in aerial part

Composition #5: Longaray Delamare, Ana Paula., Moschen-Pistorello, Ivete T., Artico, Liane., Atti-Serafini, Luciana., Echeverrigaray, Sergio. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. cultivated in South Brazil . food chemistry, 2007, vol. 100, no. 2, p. 603–608. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.078. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.76
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in aerial part

Composition #6: Longaray Delamare, Ana Paula., Moschen-Pistorello, Ivete T., Artico, Liane., Atti-Serafini, Luciana., Echeverrigaray, Sergio. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. cultivated in South Brazil . food chemistry, 2007, vol. 100, no. 2, p. 603–608. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.078. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

12.6
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial part

Composition #7: Longaray Delamare, Ana Paula., Moschen-Pistorello, Ivete T., Artico, Liane., Atti-Serafini, Luciana., Echeverrigaray, Sergio. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. cultivated in South Brazil . food chemistry, 2007, vol. 100, no. 2, p. 603–608. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.078. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

20.1
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in aerial part

Composition #8: Longaray Delamare, Ana Paula., Moschen-Pistorello, Ivete T., Artico, Liane., Atti-Serafini, Luciana., Echeverrigaray, Sergio. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. cultivated in South Brazil . food chemistry, 2007, vol. 100, no. 2, p. 603–608. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.078. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.17
Internal remarks:

myrcene in aerial part

Composition #9: Askun, Tulin., Baser, K. Huesnue Can., Tumen, Gulendam., Kurkcuoglu, Mine. Characterization of essential oils of some Salvia species and their antimycobacterial activities . turkish journal of biology, 2010, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 89–95. DOI: 10.3906/biy-0809-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

52.8
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in aerial part

Composition #10: Askun, Tulin., Baser, K. Huesnue Can., Tumen, Gulendam., Kurkcuoglu, Mine. Characterization of essential oils of some Salvia species and their antimycobacterial activities . turkish journal of biology, 2010, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 89–95. DOI: 10.3906/biy-0809-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.1
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in aerial part

Composition #11: Askun, Tulin., Baser, K. Huesnue Can., Tumen, Gulendam., Kurkcuoglu, Mine. Characterization of essential oils of some Salvia species and their antimycobacterial activities . turkish journal of biology, 2010, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 89–95. DOI: 10.3906/biy-0809-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.8
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial part

Composition #12: Askun, Tulin., Baser, K. Huesnue Can., Tumen, Gulendam., Kurkcuoglu, Mine. Characterization of essential oils of some Salvia species and their antimycobacterial activities . turkish journal of biology, 2010, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 89–95. DOI: 10.3906/biy-0809-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in aerial part

Composition #13: Askun, Tulin., Baser, K. Huesnue Can., Tumen, Gulendam., Kurkcuoglu, Mine. Characterization of essential oils of some Salvia species and their antimycobacterial activities . turkish journal of biology, 2010, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 89–95. DOI: 10.3906/biy-0809-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.8
Internal remarks:

myrcene in aerial part

Composition #14: Mossi, A. J., Cansian, R. L., Paroul, N., Toniazzo, G., Oliveira, J., V., Pierozan, M. K., Pauletti, G., Rota, L., Santos, A. C. A., Serafini, L. A. Morphological characterisation and agronomical parameters of different species of Salvia sp (Lamiaceae) . brazilian journal of biology, 2011, vol. 71, no. 1, p. 121–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.28
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in stems

Composition #15: Mossi, A. J., Cansian, R. L., Paroul, N., Toniazzo, G., Oliveira, J., V., Pierozan, M. K., Pauletti, G., Rota, L., Santos, A. C. A., Serafini, L. A. Morphological characterisation and agronomical parameters of different species of Salvia sp (Lamiaceae) . brazilian journal of biology, 2011, vol. 71, no. 1, p. 121–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

27.94
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in stems

Composition #16: Mossi, A. J., Cansian, R. L., Paroul, N., Toniazzo, G., Oliveira, J., V., Pierozan, M. K., Pauletti, G., Rota, L., Santos, A. C. A., Serafini, L. A. Morphological characterisation and agronomical parameters of different species of Salvia sp (Lamiaceae) . brazilian journal of biology, 2011, vol. 71, no. 1, p. 121–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

7.35
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in stems

Composition #17: Mossi, A. J., Cansian, R. L., Paroul, N., Toniazzo, G., Oliveira, J., V., Pierozan, M. K., Pauletti, G., Rota, L., Santos, A. C. A., Serafini, L. A. Morphological characterisation and agronomical parameters of different species of Salvia sp (Lamiaceae) . brazilian journal of biology, 2011, vol. 71, no. 1, p. 121–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

12.50
Internal remarks:

camphor in stems

Composition #18: Iriti, M., Vitalini, S., Apostolides, N. Arnold., El Beyrouthy, M. Chemical composition and antiradical capacity of essential oils from Lebanese medicinal plants . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 466–472. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.947388. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

48.7
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #19: Iriti, M., Vitalini, S., Apostolides, N. Arnold., El Beyrouthy, M. Chemical composition and antiradical capacity of essential oils from Lebanese medicinal plants . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 466–472. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.947388. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.1
Internal remarks:

camphor in leaves

Composition #20: Iriti, M., Vitalini, S., Apostolides, N. Arnold., El Beyrouthy, M. Chemical composition and antiradical capacity of essential oils from Lebanese medicinal plants . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 466–472. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.947388. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4
Internal remarks:

myrcene in leaves

Genotox #1: Sevindik, Nadire., Rencuzogullari, Eyyup. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Salvia fruticosa leaf extract in human blood lymphocytes . drug and chemical toxicology, 2014, vol. 37, no. 3, p. 295–302. DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.851689. [DOI link]

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

chromosome aberration assay (CHD047TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Guideline used:

No guideline available
Tested organism:

Other (A07XE)
Strain of test organism:

lymphocytes (CHD036ST)
Exogenous metabolic activation applied:

with and without
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

chromosome aberration
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

leaf methanol extract induced chromosome aberrations at concentration 6 microllittre/millilitre
Internal remarks:

leaf extract induced chromosome aberrations
Internal ID:

WOS:000337939900009

Genotox #2: Sevindik, Nadire., Rencuzogullari, Eyyup. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Salvia fruticosa leaf extract in human blood lymphocytes . drug and chemical toxicology, 2014, vol. 37, no. 3, p. 295–302. DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.851689. [DOI link]

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

micronucleus assay (CHD051TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Guideline used:

No guideline available
Tested organism:

Other (A07XE)
Exogenous metabolic activation applied:

with and without
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

chromosome aberration
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

leaf methanol extract induced increased frequency of micronucleus at concentration 6 microllittre/millilitre
Internal remarks:

leaf extract induced increased frequency of micronucleus
Internal ID:

WOS:000337939900009