EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Salix alba L.

Family:: Salicaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1427
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: alkaloids in herb #2: pyrocatechol in bark #3: p-coumaric acid in bark #4: condensed tannins in leaves #5: gluconasturtiin in roots #6: glucotropaeolin in roots #7: sinalbin, in roots

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Nardin, Tiziana., Piasentier, Edi., Barnaba, Chiara., Larcher, Roberto. Alkaloid profiling of herbal drugs using high resolution mass spectrometry. drug testing and analysis, 2017, p. Ahead of Print. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

H2O/MeOH/FA (herb)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Benzophenantridine, Isoquinoline, Quinoline, Terpenoid
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

high resolution mass spectrometry
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in herb

Composition #2: Pobłocka-Olech, L., Krauze-Baranowska, M., Głód, D., Kawiak, A., Łojkowska, E. Chromatographic analysis of simple phenols in some species from the genus salix. phytochemical analysis, 2010, vol. 21, no. 5, p. 463–469. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1220. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Catechol Catechol (RF-00010857-PAR)
Additional substance description:

pyrocatechol
Analytical method code:

Chromatographic tests (F015A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPTLC and HPLC
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.05 - 5.23
Internal remarks:

pyrocatechol in bark

Composition #3: Pobłocka-Olech, L., Krauze-Baranowska, M., Głód, D., Kawiak, A., Łojkowska, E. Chromatographic analysis of simple phenols in some species from the genus salix. phytochemical analysis, 2010, vol. 21, no. 5, p. 463–469. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1220. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Chromatographic tests (F015A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPTLC and HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric acid in bark

Composition #4: Behrens, A., Maie, N., Knicker, H., Kogel-Knabner, I. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and PSD fragmentation as means for the analysis of condensed tannins in plant leaves and needles . phytochemistry, 2003, vol. 62, no. 7, p. 1159–1170. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00660-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

acetone−water
Substance:

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) (RF-00004370-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and C NMR spectroscopy
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

condensed tannins in leaves

Composition #5: Doheny-Adams, T., Redeker, K., Kittipol, V., Bancroft, I., Hartley, S. E. Development of an efficient glucosinolate extraction method. plant methods, 2017, vol. 13 . DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0164-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

gluconasturtiin (RF-00003843-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

gluconasturtiin in roots

Composition #6: Doheny-Adams, T., Redeker, K., Kittipol, V., Bancroft, I., Hartley, S. E. Development of an efficient glucosinolate extraction method. plant methods, 2017, vol. 13 . DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0164-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

glucotropaeolin (RF-00010868-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

glucotropaeolin in roots

Composition #7: Doheny-Adams, T., Redeker, K., Kittipol, V., Bancroft, I., Hartley, S. E. Development of an efficient glucosinolate extraction method. plant methods, 2017, vol. 13 . DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0164-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Sinalbin (RF-00010865-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sinalbin, in roots