EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Rumex obtusifolius L.

Family:: Polygonaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 594
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: Nepodin in unspecified plant part #2: tannins in aerial parts #3: saponins in aerial part #4: Rhein in unspecified plant part #5: Emodin in unspecified plant part #6: anthracene derivatives in roots #7: anthracene derivatives in fruits #8: aloe-emodin in leaves, fruits and roots #9: anthracene derivatives in leaves #10: chrysophanol in leaves, fruits and roots #11: aloin in leaves, fruits and roots #12: emodin in leaves, fruits and roots #13: rhein in leaves and roots #14: physcion in leaves, fruits and roots #15: sennoside A in leaves, fruits and roots #16: sennoside B in leaves, fruits and roots #17: oxalates in leaves

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Hsiao, Pei-Ken., Ho, Li-I., Chen, Pi-Chu., Kuo, Hang-Chou. Botanical and chemical studies of Chinese herbal medicine "Yangti". yaoxue tongbao, 1980, vol. 15, no. 7, p. 48. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Nepodin (RF-00011305-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Nepodin in unspecified plant part

Composition #2: Aynehchi, Y., Sormaghi, M. H. Salehi., Amin, G. H., Soltani, A., Qumehr, N. Survey of Iranian plants for saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. II. international journal of crude drug research, 1982, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 61–70. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins in aerial parts

Composition #3: Aynehchi, Y., Sormaghi, M. H. Salehi., Amin, G. H., Soltani, A., Qumehr, N. Survey of Iranian plants for saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. II. international journal of crude drug research, 1982, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 61–70. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins in aerial part

Composition #4: Ding, Yan-xia., Wu, Hong-xin., Li, Mian., Li, Ya-zhen. Determination of rhein and emodin in Rumex obtusifolius L. by HPLC. yunnan minzu daxue xuebao, ziran kexueban, 2012, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 6–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol, phosphoric acid (80:20)
Substance:

rhein (RF-00004027-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.154
Internal remarks:

Rhein in unspecified plant part

Composition #5: Ding, Yan-xia., Wu, Hong-xin., Li, Mian., Li, Ya-zhen. Determination of rhein and emodin in Rumex obtusifolius L. by HPLC. yunnan minzu daxue xuebao, ziran kexueban, 2012, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 6–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol, phosphoric acid (80:20)
Substance:

Emodin (RF-00003798-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.412-2.06
Internal remarks:

Emodin in unspecified plant part

Composition #6: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

anthracene derivatives (RF-00004342-PAR)
Additional substance description:

aloe-emodin, aloin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rhein,sennoside A, sennoside B
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

14.71
Internal remarks:

anthracene derivatives in roots

Composition #7: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

anthracene derivatives (RF-00004342-PAR)
Additional substance description:

aloe-emodin, aloin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, sennoside A, sennoside B
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.26
Internal remarks:

anthracene derivatives in fruits

Composition #8: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

Aloe-emodin (RF-00003670-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

aloe-emodin in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #9: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

anthracene derivatives (RF-00004342-PAR)
Additional substance description:

aloe-emodin, aloin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rhein,sennoside A, sennoside B
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

19.91
Internal remarks:

anthracene derivatives in leaves

Composition #10: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

chrysophanol (RF-00003737-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

chrysophanol in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #11: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

aloin A (RF-00003672-PAR)
Additional substance description:

aloin
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

aloin in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #12: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

Emodin (RF-00003798-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

emodin in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #13: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

rhein (RF-00004027-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

rhein in leaves and roots

Composition #14: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

physcion (RF-00003993-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

physcion in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #15: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

sennoside A (RF-00004051-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sennoside A in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #16: Wegiera, M., Smolarz, H.D., Wianowska, D., Dawidowicz, A.L. Anthracene derivatives in some species of Rumex L. genus. acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 103–108. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 80%
Substance:

sennoside B (RF-00004052-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

RP-HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sennoside B in leaves, fruits and roots

Composition #17: Kitano, Sayaka., Miyagi, Atsuko., Oono, Yutaka., Hase, Yoshihiro., Narumi, Issay., Yamaguchi, Masatoshi., Uchimiya, Hirofumi., Kawai-Yamada, Maki. Metabolic alterations in leaves of oxalate-rich plant Rumex obtusifolius L. irradiated by gamma rays . metabolomics, 2015, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 134–142. DOI: 10.1007/s11306-014-0684-4. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 50%
Substance:

Oxalates (RF-00004308-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-MS
Result unit:

Millimole/kilogram (G070A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

100
Internal remarks:

oxalates in leaves