EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Quercus infectoria G. Oliver. (as plant) // Quercus infectoria G.Olivier.

Family:: Fagaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 447
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: Tannins in fruit #2: Gallic acid in fruit #3: Saponins in fruit #4: tannins in leaves #5: Gallic acid in fatty oil #6: Tannins in leaves

Endpoint Studies

#1: strigent, gastroenteritis in cattles (leaves) #2: 7/92 lambs died. Macroscopic changes e.g. subcutaneous edema, mild hydrothorax, moderate ascites, severe perirenal and retroperitoneal edema, severe multifocal renal subcapsular petechiation and histopathological changes in the kidneys after intake of aerial parts.

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Vaidya, Vaibhav., Mahendrakumar, C. B., Bhise, Kiran. Preliminary phytochemical screening of Quercus infectoria Oliv. for treatment of skin diseases. journal of medicinal plants research, 2013, vol. 7, no. 27, p. 2019–2027. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydroalcohol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins in fruit

Composition #2: Vaidya, Vaibhav., Mahendrakumar, C. B., Bhise, Kiran. Preliminary phytochemical screening of Quercus infectoria Oliv. for treatment of skin diseases. journal of medicinal plants research, 2013, vol. 7, no. 27, p. 2019–2027. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydroalcohol
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid in fruit

Composition #3: Vaidya, Vaibhav., Mahendrakumar, C. B., Bhise, Kiran. Preliminary phytochemical screening of Quercus infectoria Oliv. for treatment of skin diseases. journal of medicinal plants research, 2013, vol. 7, no. 27, p. 2019–2027. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydroalcohol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in fruit

Composition #4: Al-Masri, M.R., Mardini, M. Anti-nutritional components in leaves of some indigenous oak species at different growth stages. livestock research for rural development, 2013, vol. 25, no. 9 . .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Gram/kilogram (G015A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

132.7
Internal remarks:

tannins in leaves

Composition #5: Al-Rousan, W. M., Ajo, R. Y., Al-Ismail, K. M., Attlee, A., Shaker, R. R., Osaili, T. M. Characterization of Acorn Fruit Oils Extracted from Selected Mediterranean Quercus Species . grasas y aceites, 2013, vol. 64, no. 5, p. 554–560. DOI: 10.3989/gya.023313. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Petroleum ether
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests) (F003A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

84-109
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid in fatty oil

Composition #6: Eroksuz, Y., Dabak, M., Eroksuz, H., Baydar, E., Turkoglu, I., Yilmaz, I. Acute oak (Quercus infectoria) toxicosis in lambs. revue de medecine veterinaire, 2013, vol. 164, no. 6, p. 302–306. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Traditional analytical techniques (wet chemical tests) (F003A)
Result unit:

Gram/kilogram (G015A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

165.16
Internal remarks:

Tannins in leaves

Endpoint study #1: Al-Qura'n, S. Ethnobotanical survey of folk toxic plants in southern part of Jordan. toxicon, 2005, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 119–129. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.04.010. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional plant/substance description:

unspecified
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

strigent, gastroenteritis
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

not reported (CHD030BE)
Internal remarks:

strigent, gastroenteritis in cattles (leaves)

Endpoint study #2: Eroksuz, Y., Dabak, M., Eroksuz, H., Baydar, E., Turkoglu, I., Yilmaz, I. Acute oak (Quercus infectoria) toxicosis in lambs. revue de medecine veterinaire, 2013, vol. 164, no. 6, p. 302–306. .

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Sheep (as animal) (A057G)
Sex:

No data
Exposure duration:

10.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

92
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Gramm/daily portion (G173A)
Effect concentration:

150-200
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

7/92 lambs died. At necropsy: subcutaneous edema, ascites, perirenal edema and severe multifocal renal subcapsular petechiation. Renal histopathology: moderate multifocal tubular cell necrosis, multifocal tubular dilatation and hyaline cast formations.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

7/92 lambs died. Macroscopic changes e.g. subcutaneous edema, mild hydrothorax, moderate ascites, severe perirenal and retroperitoneal edema, severe multifocal renal subcapsular petechiation and histopathological changes in the kidneys after intake of aerial parts.