EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J.W.Moore

Family:: Myrtaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 128
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: eugenol in leaves #2: beta-myrcene in leaves #3: 1,8-cineole in essential oil from leaves #4: Camphor in essential oil from leaves #5: Eugenol in essential oil from leaves #6: Methyleugenol in essential oil from leaves #7: Myrcene in essential oil from leaves #8: Eugenol in leaves #9: 1,8-cineol in leaves #10: Myrcene in leaves #11: coumarins in roots #12: glycosides cardiotonic in branches, cortex, fruits, leaves and roots #13: quinones cardiotonic in branches, cortex, fruits, leaves, roots #14: saponins cardiotonic in branches, cortex, leaves, roots #15: 1,8-cineole in leaves #16: eugenol in leaves #17: myrcene in leaves

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Pragadheesh, V. S., Yadav, Anju., Singh, S. C., Gupta, Namita., Chanotiya, C. S. Leaf essential oil of cultivated pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. W. Moore from North India: distribution of Phenylpropanoids and Chiral Terpenoids. medicinal & aromatic plants, 2013, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 1000118/1–1000118/4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

72.9-92.9
Internal remarks:

eugenol in leaves

Composition #2: Pragadheesh, V. S., Yadav, Anju., Singh, S. C., Gupta, Namita., Chanotiya, C. S. Leaf essential oil of cultivated pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. W. Moore from North India: distribution of Phenylpropanoids and Chiral Terpenoids. medicinal & aromatic plants, 2013, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 1000118/1–1000118/4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.3-9.6
Internal remarks:

beta-myrcene in leaves

Composition #3: Abaul, J., Bourgeois, P., Bessiere, J. M. Chemical composition of the essential oils of chemotypes of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J. W. Moore (Bois d'Inde) of Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) . flavour and fragrance journal, 1995, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 319–321. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730100506. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil from leaves

Composition #4: Abaul, J., Bourgeois, P., Bessiere, J. M. Chemical composition of the essential oils of chemotypes of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J. W. Moore (Bois d'Inde) of Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) . flavour and fragrance journal, 1995, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 319–321. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730100506. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.5
Internal remarks:

Camphor in essential oil from leaves

Composition #5: Abaul, J., Bourgeois, P., Bessiere, J. M. Chemical composition of the essential oils of chemotypes of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J. W. Moore (Bois d'Inde) of Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) . flavour and fragrance journal, 1995, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 319–321. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730100506. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-56.1
Internal remarks:

Eugenol in essential oil from leaves

Composition #6: Abaul, J., Bourgeois, P., Bessiere, J. M. Chemical composition of the essential oils of chemotypes of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J. W. Moore (Bois d'Inde) of Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) . flavour and fragrance journal, 1995, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 319–321. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730100506. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

methyleugenol (RF-00003931-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.8-48.1
Internal remarks:

Methyleugenol in essential oil from leaves

Composition #7: Abaul, J., Bourgeois, P., Bessiere, J. M. Chemical composition of the essential oils of chemotypes of Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J. W. Moore (Bois d'Inde) of Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) . flavour and fragrance journal, 1995, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 319–321. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730100506. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.6-12.8
Internal remarks:

Myrcene in essential oil from leaves

Composition #8: Bello, A., Rodriguez, M.L., Castiñeira, N., Urquiola, A., Rosado, A., Pino, J.A. Chemical compositon of the leaf oil of Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. Moore from Western Cuba. journal of essential oil research, 1995, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 423–424. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1995.9698553. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10.71
Internal remarks:

Eugenol in leaves

Composition #9: Bello, A., Rodriguez, M.L., Castiñeira, N., Urquiola, A., Rosado, A., Pino, J.A. Chemical compositon of the leaf oil of Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. Moore from Western Cuba. journal of essential oil research, 1995, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 423–424. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1995.9698553. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

20.42
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineol in leaves

Composition #10: Bello, A., Rodriguez, M.L., Castiñeira, N., Urquiola, A., Rosado, A., Pino, J.A. Chemical compositon of the leaf oil of Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J. Moore from Western Cuba. journal of essential oil research, 1995, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 423–424. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1995.9698553. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.24
Internal remarks:

Myrcene in leaves

Composition #11: Billmary-Z, C.-M., Janne, R.-V., Lucero, M., María-T, C. Preliminary phytochemical screening of pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (myrtaceae) from tachira - Venezuela. pharmacologyonline, 2014, vol. 2, p. 52–59. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

isopropyl alcohol (1:4 m/v)
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Fluorescence polarisation assay (FPA) (F538A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

coumarins in roots

Composition #12: Billmary-Z, C.-M., Janne, R.-V., Lucero, M., María-T, C. Preliminary phytochemical screening of pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (myrtaceae) from tachira - Venezuela. pharmacologyonline, 2014, vol. 2, p. 52–59. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

isopropyl alcohol (1:4 m/v)
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Keller Kiliani’s test, Reaction of Legal
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

glycosides cardiotonic in branches, cortex, fruits, leaves and roots

Composition #13: Billmary-Z, C.-M., Janne, R.-V., Lucero, M., María-T, C. Preliminary phytochemical screening of pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (myrtaceae) from tachira - Venezuela. pharmacologyonline, 2014, vol. 2, p. 52–59. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

isopropyl alcohol (1:4 m/v)
Substance:

Quinones (RF-00010832-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HN4OH, H2SO4
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

quinones cardiotonic in branches, cortex, fruits, leaves, roots

Composition #14: Billmary-Z, C.-M., Janne, R.-V., Lucero, M., María-T, C. Preliminary phytochemical screening of pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (myrtaceae) from tachira - Venezuela. pharmacologyonline, 2014, vol. 2, p. 52–59. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

isopropyl alcohol (1:4 m/v)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins cardiotonic in branches, cortex, leaves, roots

Composition #15: Song, Yu-Rim., Choi, Min-Seon., Choi, Geun-Won., Park, Il-Kwon., Oh, Chang-Sik. Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Estragole Extracted from Plant Essential Oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Canker Disease in Kiwifruit . plant pathology journal, 2016, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 363–370. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2016.0006. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.05
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #16: Song, Yu-Rim., Choi, Min-Seon., Choi, Geun-Won., Park, Il-Kwon., Oh, Chang-Sik. Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Estragole Extracted from Plant Essential Oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Canker Disease in Kiwifruit . plant pathology journal, 2016, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 363–370. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2016.0006. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

46.25
Internal remarks:

eugenol in leaves

Composition #17: Song, Yu-Rim., Choi, Min-Seon., Choi, Geun-Won., Park, Il-Kwon., Oh, Chang-Sik. Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Estragole Extracted from Plant Essential Oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Canker Disease in Kiwifruit . plant pathology journal, 2016, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 363–370. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2016.0006. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

25.88
Internal remarks:

myrcene in leaves