EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Pilocarpus pennatifolius Lem.

Family:: Rutaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 34
Number of processed references:: 2

Compositions

#1: imidazole alkaloids in leaves #2: pilocarpine in leaves

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Helena Frankland Sawaya, Alexandra Christine., Vaz, Boniek Gontijo., Eberlin, Marcos Nogueira., Mazzafera, Paulo. Screening species of Pilocarpus (Rutaceae) as sources of pilocarpine and other imidazole alkaloids . genetic resources and crop evolution, 2011, vol. 58, no. 3, p. 471–480. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-011-9660-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

10% NH4OH, CH3Cl
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

imidazole alkaloids
Analytical method code:

HPLC-MS/MS (F698A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.94
Internal remarks:

imidazole alkaloids in leaves

Composition #2: Helena Frankland Sawaya, Alexandra Christine., Vaz, Boniek Gontijo., Eberlin, Marcos Nogueira., Mazzafera, Paulo. Screening species of Pilocarpus (Rutaceae) as sources of pilocarpine and other imidazole alkaloids . genetic resources and crop evolution, 2011, vol. 58, no. 3, p. 471–480. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-011-9660-2. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

10% NH4OH, CH3Cl
Substance:

pilocarpine (RF-00003545-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-MS/MS (F698A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

14.2
Internal remarks:

pilocarpine in leaves

Endpoint study #1: Ferreres, Federico., Grosso, Clara., Gil-Izquierdo, Angel., Fernandes, Andreia., Valentao, Patricia., Andrade, Paula B. Comparing the phenolic profile of Pilocarpus pennatifolius Lem. by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn with respect to authentication and enzyme inhibition potential . industrial crops and products, 2015, vol. 77, p. 391–401. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.006. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

water
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Effect concentration:

100
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Effect description:

alpha-glucosidase and cholinesterase inhibitory potential
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

enzyme inhibition