Draft - work in progress
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- Aonla (as plant) // Emblica officinalis Gaertn. // Phyllanthus emblica L.
Aonla (as plant) // Emblica officinalis Gaertn. // Phyllanthus emblica L.
- Family:
- Phyllanthaceae
- Approval state:
- Approved
- Number of articles retrieved:
- 4313
- Number of processed references:
- 6
Composition #1: Srivastava, Satendra K., Ranjan, Shri. Physiological studies on plant tannis. II. Variation of tannin compounds in the leaves and twigs of Emblica officinalis during fruiting season. flora (jena), abteilung a: physiologie und biochemie, 1966, vol. 157, no. 3, p. 201–10. .
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Plant part:
Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Chibulinic acid
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UV
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Chibulinic acid (twig)
Composition #2: Srivastava, Satendra K., Ranjan, Shri. Physiological studies on plant tannis. II. Variation of tannin compounds in the leaves and twigs of Emblica officinalis during fruiting season. flora (jena), abteilung a: physiologie und biochemie, 1966, vol. 157, no. 3, p. 201–10. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
beta-glucogallin (RF-00010971-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Glucogallin
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UV
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
-
Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Glucogallin (leaves)
Composition #3: Srivastava, Satendra K., Ranjan, Shri. Physiological studies on plant tannis. II. Variation of tannin compounds in the leaves and twigs of Emblica officinalis during fruiting season. flora (jena), abteilung a: physiologie und biochemie, 1966, vol. 157, no. 3, p. 201–10. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
-
Additional extraction description:
MeOH
-
Substance:
Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Chibulinic acid
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
-
Analytical method - additional description:
UV
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
-
Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
-
Internal remarks:
Chibulinic acid (leaves)
Composition #4: Srivastava, Satendra K., Ranjan, Shri. Physiological studies on plant tannis. II. Variation of tannin compounds in the leaves and twigs of Emblica officinalis during fruiting season. flora (jena), abteilung a: physiologie und biochemie, 1966, vol. 157, no. 3, p. 201–10. .
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Plant part:
Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
beta-glucogallin (RF-00010971-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Glucogallin
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UV
-
Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
-
Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
-
Internal remarks:
Glucogallin (twig)
Composition #5: Patil, Smita G., Jadhav, Varsha M., Kadam, Vilasrao J. Method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of gallic acid and piperine in herbal extract and polyherbal formulation by HPTLC. world journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2015, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 738–748. .
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Ethanol
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Substance:
gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
gallic acid
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UV; HPTLC
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Result expression:
Dry matter (B002A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
gallic acid
Composition #6: Patil, Smita G., Jadhav, Varsha M., Kadam, Vilasrao J. Method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of gallic acid and piperine in herbal extract and polyherbal formulation by HPTLC. world journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2015, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 738–748. .
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Ethanol
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Substance:
piperine (RF-00000365-NTR)
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Additional substance description:
piperine
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Analytical method code:
Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UV; HPTLC
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Result expression:
Dry matter (B002A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
piperine
Composition #7: Hu, Ye., Liang, Hao., Yuan, Qipeng., Hong, Yuancheng. Determination of glucosinolates in 19 Chinese medicinal plants with spectrophotometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography . natural product research, 2010, vol. 24, no. 13, p. 1195–1205. DOI: 10.1080/14786410902975681.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
H2O
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Substance:
sinigrin (RF-00004055-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
sinigrin
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Analytical method code:
HPLC-UV (F021A)
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Result unit:
Millimole/kilogram (G070A)
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Result expression:
Dry matter (B002A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
36.147-35.927
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Internal remarks:
sinigrin
Composition #8: Hu, Ye., Liang, Hao., Yuan, Qipeng., Hong, Yuancheng. Determination of glucosinolates in 19 Chinese medicinal plants with spectrophotometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography . natural product research, 2010, vol. 24, no. 13, p. 1195–1205. DOI: 10.1080/14786410902975681.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
H2O
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Substance:
Glucosinolates (RF-00000330-TOX)
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Additional substance description:
glucosinolates
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Analytical method code:
HPLC-UV (F021A)
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Result unit:
Millimole/kilogram (G070A)
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Result expression:
Dry matter (B002A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
59.918-56.598
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Internal remarks:
glucosinolates
Composition #9: Yang, Baoru., Kortesniemi, Maaria., Liu, Pengzhan., Karonen, Maarit., Salminen, Juha-Pekka. Analysis of Hydrolyzable Tannins and Other Phenolic Compounds in Emblic Leafflower (Phyllanthus emblica L.) Fruits by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry . journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2012, vol. 60, no. 35, p. 8672–8683. DOI: 10.1021/jf302925v.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
methanol
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Substance:
Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
LC-MS (F026A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
Q-TOF LC-MS
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Ellagitannins in fruits
Composition #10: Avula, Bharathi., Wang, Yan-Hong., Wang, Mei., Shen, Yun-Heng., Khan, Ikhlas A. Simultaneous Determination and Characterization of Tannins and Triterpene Saponins from the Fruits of Various Species of Terminalia and Phyllantus emblica Using a UHPLC-UV-MS Method: Application to Triphala . planta medica, 2013, vol. 79, no. 2, p. 181–188. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328089.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
Chebulagic acid (RF-00010972-PAR)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UHPLC‑ESI‑MS
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Chebulagic acid (fruits of Phyllantus emblica)
Composition #11: Avula, Bharathi., Wang, Yan-Hong., Wang, Mei., Shen, Yun-Heng., Khan, Ikhlas A. Simultaneous Determination and Characterization of Tannins and Triterpene Saponins from the Fruits of Various Species of Terminalia and Phyllantus emblica Using a UHPLC-UV-MS Method: Application to Triphala . planta medica, 2013, vol. 79, no. 2, p. 181–188. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328089.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
tellimagrandin I
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Analytical method - additional description:
UHPLC‑ESI‑MS
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
tellimagrandin I (ellagitannin) in fruits
Composition #12: Avula, Bharathi., Wang, Yan-Hong., Wang, Mei., Shen, Yun-Heng., Khan, Ikhlas A. Simultaneous Determination and Characterization of Tannins and Triterpene Saponins from the Fruits of Various Species of Terminalia and Phyllantus emblica Using a UHPLC-UV-MS Method: Application to Triphala . planta medica, 2013, vol. 79, no. 2, p. 181–188. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328089.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
corilagin (RF-00003751-PAR)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UHPLC‑ESI‑MS
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Corilagin (fruits of Phyllantus emblica)
Composition #13: Avula, Bharathi., Wang, Yan-Hong., Wang, Mei., Shen, Yun-Heng., Khan, Ikhlas A. Simultaneous Determination and Characterization of Tannins and Triterpene Saponins from the Fruits of Various Species of Terminalia and Phyllantus emblica Using a UHPLC-UV-MS Method: Application to Triphala . planta medica, 2013, vol. 79, no. 2, p. 181–188. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328089.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
-
Substance:
gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
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Analytical method - additional description:
UHPLC‑ESI‑MS
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
gallic acid (fruits of Phyllantus emblica)
Composition #14: Mehmood, Malik Hassan., Rehman, Abdul., Rehman, Najeeb-ur., Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan. Studies on Prokinetic, Laxative and Spasmodic Activities of Phyllanthus emblica in Experimental Animals . phytotherapy research, 2013, vol. 27, no. 7, p. 1054–1060. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4821.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Substance:
coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
coumarins
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
coumarins
Composition #15: Mehmood, Malik Hassan., Rehman, Abdul., Rehman, Najeeb-ur., Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan. Studies on Prokinetic, Laxative and Spasmodic Activities of Phyllanthus emblica in Experimental Animals . phytotherapy research, 2013, vol. 27, no. 7, p. 1054–1060. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4821.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Substance:
Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
alkaloids
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
alkaloids
Composition #16: Mehmood, Malik Hassan., Rehman, Abdul., Rehman, Najeeb-ur., Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan. Studies on Prokinetic, Laxative and Spasmodic Activities of Phyllanthus emblica in Experimental Animals . phytotherapy research, 2013, vol. 27, no. 7, p. 1054–1060. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4821.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Substance:
Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
saponins
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
saponins
Endpoint study
#1: Mehmood, Malik Hassan., Rehman, Abdul., Rehman, Najeeb-ur., Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan. Studies on Prokinetic, Laxative and Spasmodic Activities of Phyllanthus emblica in Experimental Animals . phytotherapy research, 2013, vol. 27, no. 7, p. 1054–1060. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4821.
[
DOI link]
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Study relevance:
Human health
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Type of toxicological test:
acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
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Tested organism:
House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
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Strain of test organism:
Balb/c (CHD002ST)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
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Number of organisms dosed:
42
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Endpoint measured:
Dose level (CHD014EP)
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Concentration unit:
Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
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Effect concentration:
100-300
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Critical effect:
Digestive (TOX18A)
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Target tissue:
Digestive (TT002A)
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Effect description:
laxative effect
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
other (CHD003BE)
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Internal remarks:
laxative effect