EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Hoary basil (as plant) // Ocimum americanum L. // Ocimum canum Sims

Family:: Lamiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 564
Number of processed references:: 16

Compositions

#1: alkaloids in leaves #2: tannins in leaves #3: saponins in leaves #4: camphor in aerial parts #5: beta-selinene in aerial parts #6: myrcene in aerial parts #7: 1,8-cineole in flowers #8: camphor in flower #9: 1,8-cineole in leaves #10: camphor in leaves #11: 1,8-cineole in flowers and vegetative parts #12: camphor in flowers and vegetative parts #13: tannins in leaves #14: myrcene in aerial parts #15: camphor in aerial parts #16: estragole in aerial parts #17: alpha-selinene in fresh leaves and inflorescence #18: camphor in fresh leaves and inflorescence #19: globulol in fresh leaves and inflorescence #20: beta-selinene in fresh leaves and inflorescence #21: myrcene in fresh leaves and inflorescence #22: beta-selinene in whole plant #23: camphor in whole plant #24: eugenol in whole plant #25: 1,8-cineole in leaves #26: 1,8-cineole in leaves #27: eugenole in leaves #28: camphor in leaves #29: myrcene in leaves #30: eugenol in leaves #31: methyleugenol in leaves #32: 1,8-cineole in aerial part #33: eugenole in aerial part #34: camphor in aerial part #35: alpha-selinene in inflorescence #36: camphor in inflorescence #37: beta-selinene in inflorescence #38: alpha-selinene in leaves #39: beta-selinene in leaves #40: camphor in leaves #41: 1,8-cineole in leaves #42: beta-selinene in aerial parts #43: myrcene in aerial parts #44: alpha-selinene in aerial parts #45: camphor in aerial parts #46: cineole in aerial parts #47: camphor in aerial parts

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Aluko, B. T., Oloyede, O. I., Afolayan, A. J. Phytochemical and nutrient compositions of the leaves of Ocimum canum Sims. african journal of biotechnology, 2012, vol. 11, no. 63, p. 12697–12701. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Powder (A06JD)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.00
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in leaves

Composition #2: Aluko, B. T., Oloyede, O. I., Afolayan, A. J. Phytochemical and nutrient compositions of the leaves of Ocimum canum Sims. african journal of biotechnology, 2012, vol. 11, no. 63, p. 12697–12701. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Powder (A06JD)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.73
Internal remarks:

tannins in leaves

Composition #3: Aluko, B. T., Oloyede, O. I., Afolayan, A. J. Phytochemical and nutrient compositions of the leaves of Ocimum canum Sims. african journal of biotechnology, 2012, vol. 11, no. 63, p. 12697–12701. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Powder (A06JD)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.00
Internal remarks:

saponins in leaves

Composition #4: Verma, Ram S., Padalia, Rajendra C., Chauhan, Amit., Thul, Sanjog T. Exploring compositional diversity in the essential oils of 34 Ocimum taxa from Indian flora. industrial crops and products, 2013, vol. 45, p. 7–19. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

45.6
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial parts

Composition #5: Verma, Ram S., Padalia, Rajendra C., Chauhan, Amit., Thul, Sanjog T. Exploring compositional diversity in the essential oils of 34 Ocimum taxa from Indian flora. industrial crops and products, 2013, vol. 45, p. 7–19. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.0
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in aerial parts

Composition #6: Verma, Ram S., Padalia, Rajendra C., Chauhan, Amit., Thul, Sanjog T. Exploring compositional diversity in the essential oils of 34 Ocimum taxa from Indian flora. industrial crops and products, 2013, vol. 45, p. 7–19. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.3
Internal remarks:

myrcene in aerial parts

Composition #7: Juiz, Paulo J. L., Gambari, Roberto., Piva, Roberta., Penolazzi, Letizia., Silva, Franceli., Alves, Reinaldo J. C., Lucchese, Angelica M., Uetanabaro, Ana Paula T. The impact of compounds isolated from Ocimum sp. on apoptotic activity of osteoclast. journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 28, p. 417–424. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.7
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in flowers

Composition #8: Juiz, Paulo J. L., Gambari, Roberto., Piva, Roberta., Penolazzi, Letizia., Silva, Franceli., Alves, Reinaldo J. C., Lucchese, Angelica M., Uetanabaro, Ana Paula T. The impact of compounds isolated from Ocimum sp. on apoptotic activity of osteoclast. journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 28, p. 417–424. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.0
Internal remarks:

camphor in flower

Composition #9: Juiz, Paulo J. L., Gambari, Roberto., Piva, Roberta., Penolazzi, Letizia., Silva, Franceli., Alves, Reinaldo J. C., Lucchese, Angelica M., Uetanabaro, Ana Paula T. The impact of compounds isolated from Ocimum sp. on apoptotic activity of osteoclast. journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 28, p. 417–424. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10.4
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #10: Juiz, Paulo J. L., Gambari, Roberto., Piva, Roberta., Penolazzi, Letizia., Silva, Franceli., Alves, Reinaldo J. C., Lucchese, Angelica M., Uetanabaro, Ana Paula T. The impact of compounds isolated from Ocimum sp. on apoptotic activity of osteoclast. journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 28, p. 417–424. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.1
Internal remarks:

camphor in leaves

Composition #11: Demissew, S. A description of some essential oil bearing plants in ethiopia and their indigenous uses. journal of essential oil research, 1993, vol. 5, no. 5, p. 465–479. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1993.9698266. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

(flowers and vegetative parts)
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

11.33
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in flowers and vegetative parts

Composition #12: Demissew, S. A description of some essential oil bearing plants in ethiopia and their indigenous uses. journal of essential oil research, 1993, vol. 5, no. 5, p. 465–479. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1993.9698266. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

(flowers and vegetative parts)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.14
Internal remarks:

camphor in flowers and vegetative parts

Composition #13: Inyang Udousoro, I., Ekop, R.U., Johnson Udo, E. Effect of thermal processing on antinutrients in common edible green leafy vegetables grown in Ikot Abasi, Nigeria. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2013, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 162–167. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Element spectroscopy (F051A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Folin-Dennis Spectrophotometric
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

427.16
Internal remarks:

tannins in leaves

Composition #14: Chagonda, LS., Makanda, CD., Chalchat, JC. The essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims (basilic camphor) and Ocimum urticifolia Roth from Zimbabwe . flavour and fragrance journal, 2000, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 23–26. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200001/02)15:1<23::AID-FFJ866>3.0.CO;2-W. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1 - 2.4
Internal remarks:

myrcene in aerial parts

Composition #15: Chagonda, LS., Makanda, CD., Chalchat, JC. The essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims (basilic camphor) and Ocimum urticifolia Roth from Zimbabwe . flavour and fragrance journal, 2000, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 23–26. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200001/02)15:1<23::AID-FFJ866>3.0.CO;2-W. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

39.5 - 57.6
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial parts

Composition #16: Chagonda, LS., Makanda, CD., Chalchat, JC. The essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims (basilic camphor) and Ocimum urticifolia Roth from Zimbabwe . flavour and fragrance journal, 2000, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 23–26. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200001/02)15:1<23::AID-FFJ866>3.0.CO;2-W. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Estragole (RF-00003806-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.2 - 6.6
Internal remarks:

estragole in aerial parts

Composition #17: Mondello, L., Zappia, G., Cotroneo, A., Bonaccorsi, I., Chowdhury, JU., Yusuf, M., Dugo, G. Studies on the essential oil-bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part VIII. Composition of some Ocimum oils O-basilicum L. var. purpurascens; O-sanctum L. green; O-sanctum L. purple; O-americanum L., citral type; O-americanum L., camphor type . flavour and fragrance journal, 2002, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 335–340. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1108. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation / fresh leaves and inflorescence
Substance:

alpha-Selinene (RF-00010780-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.3
Internal remarks:

alpha-selinene in fresh leaves and inflorescence

Composition #18: Mondello, L., Zappia, G., Cotroneo, A., Bonaccorsi, I., Chowdhury, JU., Yusuf, M., Dugo, G. Studies on the essential oil-bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part VIII. Composition of some Ocimum oils O-basilicum L. var. purpurascens; O-sanctum L. green; O-sanctum L. purple; O-americanum L., citral type; O-americanum L., camphor type . flavour and fragrance journal, 2002, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 335–340. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1108. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation / fresh leaves and inflorescence
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

38.6
Internal remarks:

camphor in fresh leaves and inflorescence

Composition #19: Mondello, L., Zappia, G., Cotroneo, A., Bonaccorsi, I., Chowdhury, JU., Yusuf, M., Dugo, G. Studies on the essential oil-bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part VIII. Composition of some Ocimum oils O-basilicum L. var. purpurascens; O-sanctum L. green; O-sanctum L. purple; O-americanum L., citral type; O-americanum L., camphor type . flavour and fragrance journal, 2002, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 335–340. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1108. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation / fresh leaves and inflorescence
Substance:

(-)-globulol (RF-00003756-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.8
Internal remarks:

globulol in fresh leaves and inflorescence

Composition #20: Mondello, L., Zappia, G., Cotroneo, A., Bonaccorsi, I., Chowdhury, JU., Yusuf, M., Dugo, G. Studies on the essential oil-bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part VIII. Composition of some Ocimum oils O-basilicum L. var. purpurascens; O-sanctum L. green; O-sanctum L. purple; O-americanum L., citral type; O-americanum L., camphor type . flavour and fragrance journal, 2002, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 335–340. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1108. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation / fresh leaves and inflorescence
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

7.0
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in fresh leaves and inflorescence

Composition #21: Mondello, L., Zappia, G., Cotroneo, A., Bonaccorsi, I., Chowdhury, JU., Yusuf, M., Dugo, G. Studies on the essential oil-bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part VIII. Composition of some Ocimum oils O-basilicum L. var. purpurascens; O-sanctum L. green; O-sanctum L. purple; O-americanum L., citral type; O-americanum L., camphor type . flavour and fragrance journal, 2002, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 335–340. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1108. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation / fresh leaves and inflorescence
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-1.0
Internal remarks:

myrcene in fresh leaves and inflorescence

Composition #22: Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Shafi, MP., Kaniampady, MM. Chemotaxonomical analysis of the essential oil aroma compounds of four different Ocimum species from southern India . european food research and technology, 2003, vol. 217, no. 2, p. 120–124. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-003-0708-1. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.43
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in whole plant

Composition #23: Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Shafi, MP., Kaniampady, MM. Chemotaxonomical analysis of the essential oil aroma compounds of four different Ocimum species from southern India . european food research and technology, 2003, vol. 217, no. 2, p. 120–124. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-003-0708-1. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.95
Internal remarks:

camphor in whole plant

Composition #24: Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Shafi, MP., Kaniampady, MM. Chemotaxonomical analysis of the essential oil aroma compounds of four different Ocimum species from southern India . european food research and technology, 2003, vol. 217, no. 2, p. 120–124. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-003-0708-1. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.12
Internal remarks:

eugenol in whole plant

Composition #25: Tchoumbougnang, F., Zollo, PHA., Avlessi, F., Alitonou, GA., Sohounhloue, DK., Ouamba, JM., Tsomambet, A., Okemy-Andissa, N., Dagne, E., Agnaniet, H., Bessiere, JM., Menut, C. Variability in the chemical compositions of the essential oils of five Ocimum species from tropical African area . journal of essential oil research, 2006, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 194–199. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

41.3
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #26: Tonzibo, Z. F., Chalchat, J. C., N'Guessan, Y. T. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Ocimum canum Sims from Cote d'Ivoire . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2008, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 530–535. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.6 - 30.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #27: Tonzibo, Z. F., Chalchat, J. C., N'Guessan, Y. T. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Ocimum canum Sims from Cote d'Ivoire . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2008, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 530–535. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

13.3
Internal remarks:

eugenole in leaves

Composition #28: Tonzibo, Z. F., Chalchat, J. C., N'Guessan, Y. T. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Ocimum canum Sims from Cote d'Ivoire . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2008, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 530–535. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.9 - 18
Internal remarks:

camphor in leaves

Composition #29: Tonzibo, Z. F., Chalchat, J. C., N'Guessan, Y. T. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Ocimum canum Sims from Cote d'Ivoire . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2008, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 530–535. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.4 - 1.9
Internal remarks:

myrcene in leaves

Composition #30: Kerdchoechuen, Orapin., Laohakunjit, Natta., Singkornard, Sasathorn., Matta, Frank B. Essential Oils from Six Herbal Plants for Biocontrol of the Maize Weevil. hortscience, 2010, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 592–598. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

23.9
Internal remarks:

eugenol in leaves

Composition #31: Kerdchoechuen, Orapin., Laohakunjit, Natta., Singkornard, Sasathorn., Matta, Frank B. Essential Oils from Six Herbal Plants for Biocontrol of the Maize Weevil. hortscience, 2010, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 592–598. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

methyleugenol (RF-00003931-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

53.9
Internal remarks:

methyleugenol in leaves

Composition #32: Singh, S., Tewari, G., Pande, C., Singh, C. Variation in essential oil composition of Ocimum americanum L. from north-western Himalayan region . journal of essential oil research, 2013, vol. 25, no. 4, p. 278–290. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.775079. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.7 - 28.4
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in aerial part

Composition #33: Singh, S., Tewari, G., Pande, C., Singh, C. Variation in essential oil composition of Ocimum americanum L. from north-western Himalayan region . journal of essential oil research, 2013, vol. 25, no. 4, p. 278–290. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.775079. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

8.6 - 45.2
Internal remarks:

eugenole in aerial part

Composition #34: Singh, S., Tewari, G., Pande, C., Singh, C. Variation in essential oil composition of Ocimum americanum L. from north-western Himalayan region . journal of essential oil research, 2013, vol. 25, no. 4, p. 278–290. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.775079. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5 - 49.4
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial part

Composition #35: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flowering top (as part-nature) (A166H)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-Selinene (RF-00010780-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.1
Internal remarks:

alpha-selinene in inflorescence

Composition #36: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flowering top (as part-nature) (A166H)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

41.5
Internal remarks:

camphor in inflorescence

Composition #37: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flowering top (as part-nature) (A166H)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.9
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in inflorescence

Composition #38: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-Selinene (RF-00010780-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.3
Internal remarks:

alpha-selinene in leaves

Composition #39: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.4
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in leaves

Composition #40: Padalia, Rajendra C., Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit. Analyses of organ specific variations in essential oils of four Ocimum species . journal of essential oil research, 2014, vol. 26, no. 6, p. 409–419. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2014.942808. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

49.3
Internal remarks:

camphor in leaves

Composition #41: Huee, T., Cauquil, L., Fokou, J. B. Hzounda., Dongmo, P. M. Jazet., Bakarnga-Via, I., Menut, C. Acaricidal activity of five essential oils of Ocimum species on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae . parasitology research, 2015, vol. 114, no. 1, p. 91–99. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4164-6. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

70.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in leaves

Composition #42: Verma, Ram S., Kumar, Amit., Mishra, Priyanka., Kuppusamy, Baskaran., Padalia, Rajendra C., Sundaresan, Velusamy. Essential oil composition of four Ocimum spp. from the Peninsular India. journal of essential oil research, 2016, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 35–41. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1076742. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-selinene (RF-00011306-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.6
Internal remarks:

beta-selinene in aerial parts

Composition #43: Verma, Ram S., Kumar, Amit., Mishra, Priyanka., Kuppusamy, Baskaran., Padalia, Rajendra C., Sundaresan, Velusamy. Essential oil composition of four Ocimum spp. from the Peninsular India. journal of essential oil research, 2016, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 35–41. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1076742. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.7
Internal remarks:

myrcene in aerial parts

Composition #44: Verma, Ram S., Kumar, Amit., Mishra, Priyanka., Kuppusamy, Baskaran., Padalia, Rajendra C., Sundaresan, Velusamy. Essential oil composition of four Ocimum spp. from the Peninsular India. journal of essential oil research, 2016, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 35–41. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1076742. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-Selinene (RF-00010780-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.9
Internal remarks:

alpha-selinene in aerial parts

Composition #45: Verma, Ram S., Kumar, Amit., Mishra, Priyanka., Kuppusamy, Baskaran., Padalia, Rajendra C., Sundaresan, Velusamy. Essential oil composition of four Ocimum spp. from the Peninsular India. journal of essential oil research, 2016, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 35–41. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1076742. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

41.8
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial parts

Composition #46: Farag, Mohamed A., Ezzat, Shahira M., Salama, Maha M., Tadros, Mariane G., Serya, Rabah A. T. Anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of essential oils and their major constituents from four Ocimum species . zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2016, vol. 71, no. 11-12, p. 393–402. DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0030. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cineole
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.03
Internal remarks:

cineole in aerial parts

Composition #47: Farag, Mohamed A., Ezzat, Shahira M., Salama, Maha M., Tadros, Mariane G., Serya, Rabah A. T. Anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of essential oils and their major constituents from four Ocimum species . zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2016, vol. 71, no. 11-12, p. 393–402. DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0030. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

42
Internal remarks:

camphor in aerial parts