EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Mercurialis perennis L.

Family:: Euphorbiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 347
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: alkaloids in aerial parts #2: alkaloids in roots #3: p-coumaric in unspecified parts #4: speranskatine A in roots #5: hermidin quinone, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-(alkoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones, d,l- and meso-isochrysohermidins in roots #6: Hermidin, cyanohermidin, chrysohermidin

Endpoint Studies

#1: lethargy among cattles #2: nausea, vomiting, and severe bilateral colicky loin pains in humans

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Lorenz, Peter., Hradecky, Marc., Berger, Melanie., Bertrams, Julia., Meyer, Ulrich., Stintzing, Florian C. Lipophilic Constituents from Aerial and Root Parts of Mercurialis perennis L. . phytochemical analysis, 2010, vol. 21, no. 3, p. 234–245. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1190. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

chloroform
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

404.2 - 1972.9
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in aerial parts

Composition #2: Lorenz, Peter., Hradecky, Marc., Berger, Melanie., Bertrams, Julia., Meyer, Ulrich., Stintzing, Florian C. Lipophilic Constituents from Aerial and Root Parts of Mercurialis perennis L. . phytochemical analysis, 2010, vol. 21, no. 3, p. 234–245. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1190. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

chloroform
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2618.5
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in roots

Composition #3: Lorenz, Peter., Conrad, Juergen., Bertrams, Julia., Berger, Melanie., Duckstein, Sarina., Meyer, Ulrich., Stintzing, Florian C. Investigations into the Phenolic Constituents of Dog's Mercury (Mercurialis perennis L.) by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS analyses . phytochemical analysis, 2012, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 60–71. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1325. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric in unspecified parts

Composition #4: Lorenz, Peter., Conrad, Juergen., Duckstein, Sarina., Kammerer, Dietmar R., Stintzing, Florian C. Chemistry of Hermidin: Insights from Extraction Experiments with the Main Alkaloid of Mercurialis perennis L. Tracked by GC/MS and LC/MSn . helvetica chimica acta, 2014, vol. 97, no. 12, p. 1606–1623. DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400046. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

aqueous MeOH or EtOH
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

speranskatine A
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

speranskatine A in roots

Composition #5: Lorenz, Peter., Conrad, Juergen., Duckstein, Sarina., Kammerer, Dietmar R., Stintzing, Florian C. Chemistry of Hermidin: Insights from Extraction Experiments with the Main Alkaloid of Mercurialis perennis L. Tracked by GC/MS and LC/MSn . helvetica chimica acta, 2014, vol. 97, no. 12, p. 1606–1623. DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400046. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

aqueous MeOH or EtOH
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

hermidin quinone, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5- (alkoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones, d,l- and meso-isochrysohermidins
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC/MS and LC/MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

hermidin quinone, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-(alkoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones, d,l- and meso-isochrysohermidins in roots

Composition #6: FORRESTER, AR. AUTOXIDATION OF HERMIDIN - AN ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE STUDY. experientia, 1984, vol. 40, no. 7, p. 688–689. DOI: 10.1007/BF01949723. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

chloroform
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Hermidin, cyanohermidin, chrysohermidin
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Hermidin, cyanohermidin, chrysohermidin

Endpoint study #1: Watson, PJ. Suspected dog's mercury (Mercurialis perennis) poisoning in cattle. veterinary record, 1998, vol. 142, no. 5, p. 116–117. .

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

leaves and stems
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

1.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

60
Control groups used:

yes, historical
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

HEMOPOIETIC (TOX10A)
Target tissue:

Cardiovascular / Haematological (TT001A)
Effect description:

lethargy, haemolytic anaemia, with methaemoglobinaemia and haemoglobinuria. There was also a hepatopathy and leucocytosis.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

behaviour (CHD001BE)
Internal remarks:

lethargy among cattles

Endpoint study #2: RUGMAN, F., MEECHAM, J., EDMONDSON, J. MERCURIALIS PERENNIS (DOGS MERCURY) POISONING - A CASE OF MISTAKEN IDENTITY . british medical journal, 1983, vol. 287, no. 6409, p. 1924–1924. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional plant/substance description:

unspecified
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

Male/Female
Exposure duration:

4.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Hour (G099A)
Number of organisms dosed:

2
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

nausea, vomiting, and severe bilateral colicky loin pains.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

not reported (CHD030BE)
Internal remarks:

nausea, vomiting, and severe bilateral colicky loin pains in humans