Draft - work in progress
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- Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg. // Mallotus philippinensis var. reticulatus (Dunn) F.P. Metcalf
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg. // Mallotus philippinensis var. reticulatus (Dunn) F.P. Metcalf
- Family:
- Euphorbiaceae
- Approval state:
- Approved
- Number of articles retrieved:
- 262
- Number of processed references:
- 8
Composition #1: Velraj, Malarkodi., Ravichandiran, V., Deepthi, R., Jayaraman, P. Pharmacognostic perspectives of Mallotus philippensis. journal of medicinal and aromatic plant sciences, 2011, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 319–325. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Additional extraction description:
unspecified
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Substance:
Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Microscopic detection (F536A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
HPTLC
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Alkaloids
Composition #2: Velraj, Malarkodi., Ravichandiran, V., Deepthi, R., Jayaraman, P. Pharmacognostic perspectives of Mallotus philippensis. journal of medicinal and aromatic plant sciences, 2011, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 319–325. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Additional extraction description:
unspecified
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Substance:
Calcium oxalate (RF-00003960-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Microscopic detection (F536A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
HPTLC
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Calcium oxalate
Composition #3: Vijaya Kumar, T., Tiwari, A.K., Robinson, A., Suresh Babu, K., Sateesh Chandra Kumar, R., Anand Kumar, D., Zehra, A., Madhusudna Rao, J. Synthesis and antiglycation potentials of bergenin derivatives. bioorganic and medicinal chemistry letters, 2011, vol. 21, no. 16, p. 4928–4931. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.131.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH (from stem bark)
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Substance:
Bergenin (RF-00010986-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
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Result unit:
Percent (G138A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
11
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Internal remarks:
Bergenin in stem bark
Composition #4: Abe, I., Kashiwagi, Y., Noguchi, H., Tanaka, T., Ikeshiro, Y., Kashiwada, Y. Ellagitannins and hexahydroxydiphenoyl esters as inhibitors of vertebrate squalene epoxidase . journal of natural products, 2001, vol. 64, no. 8, p. 1010–1014. DOI: 10.1021/np010100y.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Unspecified (A07XD)
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Additional extraction description:
unspecified
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Substance:
Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Mallotusinic acid
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Analytical method code:
Element spectroscopy (F051A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Mallotusinic acid in unspecified part
Composition #5: Thakur, SC., Thakur, SS., Chaube, SK., Singh, SP. An etheral extract of Kamala (Mallotus philippinensis (Moll.Arg) Lam.) seed induce adverse effects on reproductive parameters of female rats . reproductive toxicology, 2005, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 149–156. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2004.12.008.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Ethyl ether
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Substance:
rottlerin (RF-00004032-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
isorottlerin
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Analytical method code:
Unspecified (F598A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
isorottlerin in unspecified part
Composition #6: Nguyen Thi Mai., Nguyen Xuan Cuong., Nguyen Phuong Thao., Nguyen Hoai Nam., Nguyen Huu Khoi., Chau Van Minh., Vander Heyden, Yvan., Ngo Thi Thuan., Nguyen Van Tuyen., Quetin-Leclercq, Joelle., Phan Van Kiem. A New Lignan Dimer from Mallotus philippensis. natural product communications, 2010, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 423–426. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
Bergenin (RF-00010986-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Bregenin and 4-O-galloylbergenin
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy (F060A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Bregenin and 4-O-galloylbergenin in leaves
Composition #7: Hewageegana, H. G. S. P., Arawwawala, L. D. A. M., Tissera, M. H. A., Ariyawansa, H. A. S., Dhammaratana, I. A comparison of the physico-chemical and phytochemical parameters of glands/hairs of fruits and leaves of Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. grown in Sri Lanka . journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka, 2014, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 265–269. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v42i3.7404.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Water / Ethanol (separately) - (in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves)
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Substance:
Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Alkaloids in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
Composition #8: Hewageegana, H. G. S. P., Arawwawala, L. D. A. M., Tissera, M. H. A., Ariyawansa, H. A. S., Dhammaratana, I. A comparison of the physico-chemical and phytochemical parameters of glands/hairs of fruits and leaves of Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. grown in Sri Lanka . journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka, 2014, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 265–269. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v42i3.7404.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Water / Ethanol (separately) - fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
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Substance:
Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
saponins in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
Composition #9: Hewageegana, H. G. S. P., Arawwawala, L. D. A. M., Tissera, M. H. A., Ariyawansa, H. A. S., Dhammaratana, I. A comparison of the physico-chemical and phytochemical parameters of glands/hairs of fruits and leaves of Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. grown in Sri Lanka . journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka, 2014, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 265–269. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v42i3.7404.
[
DOI link]
-
-
Plant part:
Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Water / Ethanol (separately) - fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
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Substance:
coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Coumarins in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
Composition #10: Hewageegana, H. G. S. P., Arawwawala, L. D. A. M., Tissera, M. H. A., Ariyawansa, H. A. S., Dhammaratana, I. A comparison of the physico-chemical and phytochemical parameters of glands/hairs of fruits and leaves of Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. grown in Sri Lanka . journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka, 2014, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 265–269. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v42i3.7404.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Water / Ethanol (separately) - in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
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Substance:
Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Phytochemical screening (F604A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
tannins in fruits' glands/ hairs and in leaves
Composition #11: Li, Yangfeng., Yu, Biao., Wang, Renxiao. Efficient synthesis of rottlerin and its two subunits. tetrahedron letters, 2016, vol. 57, no. 17, p. 1856–1859. DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.049.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
unspecified
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Substance:
rottlerin (RF-00004032-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Unspecified (F598A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Rottlerin in fruit
Composition #12: SAIJO, R., NONAKA, G., NISHIOKA, I., CHEN, IS., HWANG, TH. TANNINS AND RELATED-COMPOUNDS .88. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS FROM MALLOTUS-JAPONICUS (THUNB) MUELLER-ARG AND MALLOTUS-PHILIPPINENSIS (LAM) MUELLER-ARG . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1989, vol. 37, no. 11, p. 2940–2947. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Water/acetone 80%-Column chromatography
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Substance:
Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Mallotannins in bark and leaves
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
Mass Spectrometry
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Mallotannins in leaves
Endpoint study
#1: Vijaya Kumar, T., Tiwari, A.K., Robinson, A., Suresh Babu, K., Sateesh Chandra Kumar, R., Anand Kumar, D., Zehra, A., Madhusudna Rao, J. Synthesis and antiglycation potentials of bergenin derivatives. bioorganic and medicinal chemistry letters, 2011, vol. 21, no. 16, p. 4928–4931. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.131.
[
DOI link]
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Study relevance:
Human health
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Substance:
Bergenin (RF-00010986-PAR)
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Plant part:
Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Type of toxicological test:
in vitro (CHD061TT)
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Endpoint measured:
Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
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Concentration unit:
Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
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Effect concentration:
186.73
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Target tissue:
Digestive (TT002A)
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Effect description:
advanced glycation end (AGE) inhibition activity (IC50 = 186.73 microgram/mL).
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
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Internal remarks:
advanced glycation end (AGE) inhibition activity
Endpoint study
#2: Thakur, SC., Thakur, SS., Chaube, SK., Singh, SP. An etheral extract of Kamala (Mallotus philippinensis (Moll.Arg) Lam.) seed induce adverse effects on reproductive parameters of female rats . reproductive toxicology, 2005, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 149–156. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2004.12.008.
[
DOI link]
-
Study relevance:
Human health
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional plant/substance description:
ether
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Type of toxicological test:
reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
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Tested organism:
Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
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Unit of exposure duration:
Day (G134A)
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Number of organisms dosed:
40
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Control groups used:
yes, concurrent no treatment
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Endpoint measured:
Lowest observable effect concentration (CHD027EP)
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Concentration unit:
Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
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Effect concentration:
50 - 100
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Critical effect:
REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
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Effect description:
1) reduced FSH and LH, serum level of estradiol, relative weight of ovary and uterus, endometrial height and the number of uterine glands. 2) dose-dependent reduction of the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy among treated rats.
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
reproduction (CHD014BE)
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Internal remarks:
adverse effects on reproductive parameters & elevated infertility and reduced implantation in rats