EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Hyacinthus orientalis L.

Family:: Asparagaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 428
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Alkaloids (2,5-amino-2,5,6-trideoxy-D-manno-heptitol, 2(R),5(R)-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine, 7-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-alpha-homonojirimycin, alpha-Homomannojirimycin, alpha-Homonojirimycin, beta-Homomannojirimycin, beta-Homonojirimycin) in the bulb #2: Alkaloids (1-Deoxymannojirimycin, 1-Deoxynojirimycin, 2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-DL-glycero-D-manno-heptitol, 2,5-amino-2,5,6-tride oxy-D-gulo-heptitol) in the bulbs #3: Monocyclic or bicyclic alkaloids of the pyrrolidine, piperidine, pyrrolizidine, indolizidine and tropane classes, bearing two or more hydroxyl groups in bulbs #4: Myrcene (flower) #5: Eugenol methyl ether (flower) #6: Eugenol (flower) #7: piperidine alkaloids/iminosugars (piperidine alkaloids/iminiosugars: fagomine, deoxy-mannojirimycin, alpha-homonojirimycin, deoxy-nojirimycin) in the bulb

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Asano, N., Kato, A., Miyauchi, M., Kizu, H., Kameda, Y., Watson, AA., Nash, RJ., Fleet, GWJ. Nitrogen-containing furanose and pyranose analogues from Hyacinthus orientalis . journal of natural products, 1998, vol. 61, no. 5, p. 625–628. DOI: 10.1021/np9705726. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

50% Aqueous methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

2,5-amino-2,5,6-trideoxy-D-manno-heptitol, 2(R),5(R)-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine, 7-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-alpha-homonojirimycin, alpha-Homomannojirimycin, alpha-Homonojirimycin, beta-Homomannojirimycin, beta-Homonojirimycin
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ion-exchange chromatography
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids (2,5-amino-2,5,6-trideoxy-D-manno-heptitol, 2(R),5(R)-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine, 7-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-alpha-homonojirimycin, alpha-Homomannojirimycin, alpha-Homonojirimycin, beta-Homomannojirimycin, beta-Homonojirimycin) in the bulb

Composition #2: Asano, N., Kato, A., Miyauchi, M., Kizu, H., Kameda, Y., Watson, AA., Nash, RJ., Fleet, GWJ. Nitrogen-containing furanose and pyranose analogues from Hyacinthus orientalis . journal of natural products, 1998, vol. 61, no. 5, p. 625–628. DOI: 10.1021/np9705726. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

50% Aqueous methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

1-Deoxymannojirimycin, 1-Deoxynojirimycin, 2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-DL-glycero-D-manno-heptitol, 2,5-amino-2,5,6-tride oxy-D-gulo-heptitol
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ion-exchange chromatography
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids (1-Deoxymannojirimycin, 1-Deoxynojirimycin, 2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-DL-glycero-D-manno-heptitol, 2,5-amino-2,5,6-tride oxy-D-gulo-heptitol) in the bulbs

Composition #3: Molyneux, RJ., Gardner, DR., James, LF., Colegate, SM. Polyhydroxy alkaloids: chromatographic analysis. journal of chromatography a, 2002, vol. 967, no. 1, p. 57–74. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01558-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Additional extraction description:

Unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

monocyclic or bicyclic alkaloids of the pyrrolidine, piperidine, pyrrolizidine, indolizidine and tropane classes, bearing two or more hydroxyl groups
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Monocyclic or bicyclic alkaloids of the pyrrolidine, piperidine, pyrrolizidine, indolizidine and tropane classes, bearing two or more hydroxyl groups in bulbs

Composition #4: Brunke, E. -J., Hammerschmidt, F. -J., Schmaus, G. Headspace Analysis of Hyacinth Flowers. flavour and fragrance journal, 1994, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 59–69. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730090205. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.8
Internal remarks:

Myrcene (flower)

Composition #5: Brunke, E. -J., Hammerschmidt, F. -J., Schmaus, G. Headspace Analysis of Hyacinth Flowers. flavour and fragrance journal, 1994, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 59–69. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730090205. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Eugenol methyl ether
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4
Internal remarks:

Eugenol methyl ether (flower)

Composition #6: Brunke, E. -J., Hammerschmidt, F. -J., Schmaus, G. Headspace Analysis of Hyacinth Flowers. flavour and fragrance journal, 1994, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 59–69. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2730090205. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.68
Internal remarks:

Eugenol (flower)

Composition #7: Rodriguez-Sanchez, S., Soria, A. C., Ruiz-Matute, A. I., Sanz, M. L. Improvement of a gas chromatographic method for the analysis of iminosugars and other bioactive carbohydrates . journal of chromatography a, 2013, vol. 1289, p. 145–148. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.03.013. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water acidified with 0.1% HCl (v/v); maceration under stirring
Substance:

Piperidine alkaloids (RF-00004320-PAR)
Additional substance description:

piperidine alkaloids/iminiosugars: fagomine, deoxy-mannojirimycin, alpha-homonojirimycin, deoxy-nojirimycin
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

piperidine alkaloids/iminosugars (piperidine alkaloids/iminiosugars: fagomine, deoxy-mannojirimycin, alpha-homonojirimycin, deoxy-nojirimycin) in the bulb