EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Gratiola officinalis L.

Family:: Plantaginaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 97
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: helidonine and O-acetylhelidonine in live plant #2: Alkaloids in aerial parts #3: Hydroxymethylfurfural in aerial parts #4: Pyrocatechol in aerial parts #5: 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran in aerial parts #6: Gratioside #7: cucurbitacins - plant part undefined #8: Loliolide in aerial parts #9: 8 new cucurbitacin glycosides

Endpoint Studies

#1: Neurological effects in mice and rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Venkov, At., Gulubov, As. Alkaloid composition of Gratiola officinalis. natura (plovdiv, bulgaria), 1972, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 59–62. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

chelidonine (RF-00004205-PAR)
Additional substance description:

helidonine synonim as per Pubchem and O-acetylhelidonine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy (F060A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

helidonine and O-acetylhelidonine in live plant

Composition #2: Polukonova, N.V., Kurchatova, M.N., Navolokin, N.A., Bucharskaya, A.B., Durnova, N.A., Maslyakova, G.N. A new extraction method of bioflavanoids from poisonous plant (Gratiola Officinalis L.). russian open medical journal, 2014, vol. 3, no. 3 . DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2014.0304. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Most in water least in 96% ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in aerial parts

Composition #3: Polukonova, N.V., Kurchatova, M.N., Navolokin, N.A., Bucharskaya, A.B., Durnova, N.A., Maslyakova, G.N. A new extraction method of bioflavanoids from poisonous plant (Gratiola Officinalis L.). russian open medical journal, 2014, vol. 3, no. 3 . DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2014.0304. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

96% ethanol
Substance:

Hydroxymethylfurfural (RF-00000379-ORG)
Additional substance description:

2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-(Hydroxymethyl)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Hydroxymethylfurfural in aerial parts

Composition #4: Polukonova, N.V., Kurchatova, M.N., Navolokin, N.A., Bucharskaya, A.B., Durnova, N.A., Maslyakova, G.N. A new extraction method of bioflavanoids from poisonous plant (Gratiola Officinalis L.). russian open medical journal, 2014, vol. 3, no. 3 . DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2014.0304. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

96% ethanol
Substance:

Catechol Catechol (RF-00010857-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Pyrocatechol
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Pyrocatechol in aerial parts

Composition #5: Polukonova, N.V., Kurchatova, M.N., Navolokin, N.A., Bucharskaya, A.B., Durnova, N.A., Maslyakova, G.N. A new extraction method of bioflavanoids from poisonous plant (Gratiola Officinalis L.). russian open medical journal, 2014, vol. 3, no. 3 . DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2014.0304. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

96% ethanol
Substance:

Benzofurans (RF-00010791-PAR)
Additional substance description:

2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

2,3-dihydrobenzofuran in aerial parts

Composition #6: Sturm, S., Stuppner, H. Analysis of cucurbitacins in medicinal plants by high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry . phytochemical analysis, 2000, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 121–127. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(200003/04)11:2<121::AID-PCA493>3.0.CO;2-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

gratioside (RF-00003848-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Gratioside

Composition #7: Sturm, S., Stuppner, H. Analysis of cucurbitacins in medicinal plants by high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry . phytochemical analysis, 2000, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 121–127. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(200003/04)11:2<121::AID-PCA493>3.0.CO;2-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cucurbitacins (RF-00004352-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Cucurbitacin E, I, L and derivatives
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cucurbitacins - plant part undefined

Composition #8: Ali, Liaqat., Rizvi, Tania Shamim., Ahmad, Manzoor., Shaheen, Farzana. New iridoid glycoside from Gratiola officinalis. journal of asian natural products research, 2012, vol. 14, no. 12, p. 1191–1195. DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.734299. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

80% ethanol
Substance:

Loliolide (RF-00011181-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

EI-MS and HR-EI-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Loliolide in aerial parts

Composition #9: Rothenburger, J., Haslinger, E. New cucurbitacine glycosides from Gratiola officinalis L. monatshefte fur chemie, 1995, vol. 126, no. 12, p. 1331–1339. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cucurbitacins (RF-00004352-PAR)
Additional substance description:

8 new cucurbitacin glycosides identified
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

8 new cucurbitacin glycosides

Endpoint study #1: Ahmad, Mansoor., Muhammad, Noor., Mehjabeen., Jahan, Noor., Ahmad, Manzoor., Habib, Salman. Pharmacological and biological evaluation of extracts from Gratiola officinalis L. (Scrophulariaceae) . pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012, vol. 25, no. 3, p. 657–663. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Effect concentration:

300
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Neurologic (TT004A)
Effect description:

Decreased response in various behavioral tests: head dip, open field and forced swimming tests in mice. Also, rats (same other parameters) saw effects on sleep onset, duration and recovery time following pentothal sodium induction
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

neurology (CHD027BE)
Internal remarks:

Neurological effects in mice and rats