EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall.

Family:: Ericaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 67
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: methyl salicilate in flowering twigs #2: methyl salicilate in stems #3: methyl salicilate in leaves #4: quinones in leaves #5: alkaloids in leaves #6: cardiac glycosides in leaves #7: saponins in leaves #8: sterols in leaves #9: methyl salicilate in leaves #10: salicylic acid in stem and leaves

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Rana, V. S., Verdeguer, M., Blazquez, M. A. Methyl salicylate: a major constituent of the leaves, flowering twigs and stems of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. oils. indian perfumer, 2009, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 47–48. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flowering top (as part-nature) (A166H)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation and extraction with diethyl ether
Substance:

methyl salicylate (RF-00003930-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

99.4
Internal remarks:

methyl salicilate in flowering twigs

Composition #2: Rana, V. S., Verdeguer, M., Blazquez, M. A. Methyl salicylate: a major constituent of the leaves, flowering twigs and stems of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. oils. indian perfumer, 2009, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 47–48. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation and extraction with diethyl ether
Substance:

methyl salicylate (RF-00003930-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

99.5
Internal remarks:

methyl salicilate in stems

Composition #3: Rana, V. S., Verdeguer, M., Blazquez, M. A. Methyl salicylate: a major constituent of the leaves, flowering twigs and stems of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. oils. indian perfumer, 2009, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 47–48. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation and extraction with diethyl ether
Substance:

methyl salicylate (RF-00003930-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

99.8
Internal remarks:

methyl salicilate in leaves

Composition #4: Pandey, B.P., Thapa, R., Upreti, A. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal. asian pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Quinones (RF-00010832-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

quinones in leaves

Composition #5: Pandey, B.P., Thapa, R., Upreti, A. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal. asian pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in leaves

Composition #6: Pandey, B.P., Thapa, R., Upreti, A. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal. asian pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cardiac glycosides in leaves

Composition #7: Pandey, B.P., Thapa, R., Upreti, A. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal. asian pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins in leaves

Composition #8: Pandey, B.P., Thapa, R., Upreti, A. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal. asian pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

sterols, total sterols, total (RF-00000402-NTR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sterols in leaves

Composition #9: Bantawa, P., Da Silva, J. A. T., Ghosh, S. K., Mondal, T. K. Determination of essential oil contents and micropropagation of Gaultheria fragrantissima, an endangered woody aromatic plant of India . journal of horticultural science & biotechnology, 2011, vol. 86, no. 5, p. 479–485. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

methyl salicylate (RF-00003930-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

98
Internal remarks:

methyl salicilate in leaves

Composition #10: Cong, Fei., Joshi, Khem Raj., Devkota, Hari Prasad., Watanabe, Takashi., Yahara, Shoji. Dhasingreoside: new flavonoid from the stems and leaves of Gaultheria fragrantissima . natural product research, 2015, vol. 29, no. 15, p. 1442–1448. DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.1003932. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 70%
Substance:

Salicylic acid (RF-00000241-VET)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, CC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

salicylic acid in stem and leaves