Draft - work in progress
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- Fritillaria imperialis L.
Fritillaria imperialis L.
- Family:
- Liliaceae
- Approval state:
- Approved
- Number of articles retrieved:
- 130
- Number of processed references:
- 8
Compositions
#1: Steroidal alkaloids (ebeinone, eduardine, edpetilidine, verticinone and isoverticine) in bulbs.
#2: Imperialine in bulbs.
#3: Steroidal alkaloids (impericine, forticine, delavine and persicanidine) in bulbs.
#4: Steroidal alkaloids (ebeiedine, ebeiedinone, verticinone) in bulbs.
#5: Imperialine in bulbs.
#6: Verticine in bulbs.
#7: Steroidal alkaloids (impranine, dihydroimpranine, fetisinine, korsevine) in bulbs.
#8: Steroidal alkaloid (persicanidine B) in bulbs.
#9: steroidal alkaloids (imperonine and imperoline) in bulbs.
#10: Imperialine in bulbs.
#11: Steroidal alkaloid isobaimonidine in bulbs.
Composition #1: Atta-Ur-Rahman, Afgan Farooq., Choudhary, M. Iqbal., Gilani, Anwarul Hassan., Shaheen, Farhana., Ali, Rahat Azhar., Noor-E-Ain, Farhana., Sener, Bilge. A new anticholinergic steroidal alkaloid from Fritillaria imperialis of Turkish origin . planta medica, 1994, vol. 60, no. 4, p. 377–379. .
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
EtOH. Multistep extraction - last step: chloroform pH 3.5
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
ebeinone, eduardine, edpetilidine, verticinone, isoverticine
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
IR, MS, UV
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloids (ebeinone, eduardine, edpetilidine, verticinone and isoverticine) in bulbs.
Composition #2: Atta-ur-Rahman., Akhtar, MN., Choudhary, MI., Tsuda, Y., Sener, B., Khalid, A., Parvez, M. New steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria imperialis and their cholinesterase inhibiting activities . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2002, vol. 50, no. 8, p. 1013–1016. .
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
EtOH, Multistep extraction - last step - chloroform at pH 3-5
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Substance:
imperialine (RF-00003437-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
EI-MS, IR
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Imperialine in bulbs.
Composition #3: Atta-ur-Rahman., Akhtar, MN., Choudhary, MI., Tsuda, Y., Sener, B., Khalid, A., Parvez, M. New steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria imperialis and their cholinesterase inhibiting activities . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2002, vol. 50, no. 8, p. 1013–1016. .
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
EtOH, Multistep extraction - last step - chloroform at pH 3-5
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Impericine, forticcine, delavine, persicanidine
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
EI-MS, IR
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloids (impericine, forticine, delavine and persicanidine) in bulbs.
Composition #4: Kiani, M., Sefidkon, F., Babaei, A., Naghavi, M.R. Phytochemical profiling of medicinal isosteroidal alkaloids of Iranian Fritillaria spp. (Liliaceae). industrial crops and products, 2015, vol. 70, p. 451–458. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.064.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Diethyl ether-ammonium hydroxide (25:0.5, v/v)
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
ebeiedine, ebeiedinone, verticinone
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Analytical method code:
GC-FID-MS (F607A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloids (ebeiedine, ebeiedinone, verticinone) in bulbs.
Composition #5: Kiani, M., Sefidkon, F., Babaei, A., Naghavi, M.R. Phytochemical profiling of medicinal isosteroidal alkaloids of Iranian Fritillaria spp. (Liliaceae). industrial crops and products, 2015, vol. 70, p. 451–458. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.064.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Diethyl ether-ammonium hydroxide (25:0.5, v/v)
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Substance:
imperialine (RF-00003437-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
GC-FID-MS (F607A)
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Result unit:
Percent (G138A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
6.03-13.13
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Internal remarks:
Imperialine in bulbs.
Composition #6: Kiani, M., Sefidkon, F., Babaei, A., Naghavi, M.R. Phytochemical profiling of medicinal isosteroidal alkaloids of Iranian Fritillaria spp. (Liliaceae). industrial crops and products, 2015, vol. 70, p. 451–458. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.064.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Diethyl ether-ammonium hydroxide (25:0.5, v/v)
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Substance:
verticine (RF-00004101-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
GC-FID-MS (F607A)
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Result unit:
Percent (G138A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
27.76-38.32
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Internal remarks:
Verticine in bulbs.
Composition #7: Akhtar, MN., Atta-ur-Rahman, A., Choudhary, MI., Sener, B., Erdogan, I., Tsuda, Y. New class of steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria imperialis. phytochemistry, 2003, vol. 63, no. 1, p. 115–122. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00569-1.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
EtOH. Multistep extraction - last step - chloroform at pH 9-11
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Impranine, dihydroimpranine, fetisinine, korsevine
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
EI-MS, IR, UV, melting point
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloids (impranine, dihydroimpranine, fetisinine, korsevine) in bulbs.
Composition #8: Tsuda, Y., Atta-ur-Rahman., Akhtar, MN., Sener, B., Parvez, M., Sashida, Y., Mimaki, Y., Mizuno, M. The structure of a new crystalline cevane alkaloid: Its identity with persicanidine B and harepermine . natural product research, 2004, vol. 18, no. 3, p. 205–209. DOI: 10.1080/14786410410001708990.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
Unspecified here but reference given: EtOH multistep extraction - finally chloroform pH 9-11.
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Persicanidine B = (20R, 25R)-5-alfa-17-beta-cevanine-3-beta,6-beta-diol
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
X-Ray diffraction
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloid (persicanidine B) in bulbs.
Composition #9: PAUL, L., BOIT, HG. NEBENALKALOIDE VON FRITILLARIA-IMPERIALIS. chemische berichte-recueil, 1958, vol. 91, no. 9, p. 1968–1970. DOI: 10.1002/cber.19580910929.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Imperonine and imperoline
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Analytical method code:
IR and Raman Spectroscopy (F010A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
steroidal alkaloids (imperonine and imperoline) in bulbs.
Composition #10: PAUL, L., BOIT, HG. NEBENALKALOIDE VON FRITILLARIA-IMPERIALIS. chemische berichte-recueil, 1958, vol. 91, no. 9, p. 1968–1970. DOI: 10.1002/cber.19580910929.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Substance:
imperialine (RF-00003437-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Unspecified (F598A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Imperialine in bulbs.
Composition #11: MASTEROVA, I., KETTMANN, V., MAJER, J., TOMKO, J. ISOBAIMONIDINE, A NEW ALKALOID FROM FRITILLARIA IMPERIALIS-L. archiv der pharmazie, 1982, vol. 315, no. 2, p. 157–164. DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19823150211.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
EtOH. Multistep extraction - last step - chloroform at pH 11
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Substance:
Steroidal alkaloids (RF-00004336-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
Isobaimonidine
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Analytical method code:
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
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Analytical method - additional description:
X-Ray diffraction
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Steroidal alkaloid isobaimonidine in bulbs.
Endpoint study
#1: Kooshapur, H., Kalantari, H., Skandari, F. The effect of Fritillaria imperialis bulb extract on the mice liver.. toxicology letters (shannon), 2003, vol. 144, no. Suppl. 1, p. s101–s101. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(03)90370-5.
[
DOI link]
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Study relevance:
Human health
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Plant part:
Bulb / clove (as part-nature) (A067A)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Type of toxicological test:
short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
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Tested organism:
House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
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Unit of exposure duration:
Day (G134A)
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Control groups used:
yes, concurrent vehicle
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Endpoint measured:
Dose level (CHD014EP)
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Concentration unit:
Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
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Effect concentration:
100
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Critical effect:
HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
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Target tissue:
digestive: Liver (TT023A)
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Effect description:
100, 200, 400, 800 mg/kg bw; all doses toxic, all mice died in high dose group, histopathological changes in liver, raised liver enzymes
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
mortality (CHD010BE)
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Internal remarks:
liver toxicity, mouse