EFSA
ecomole
vscht
  2. Frangula purshiana Cooper // Rhamnus purshiana DC.

Frangula purshiana Cooper // Rhamnus purshiana DC.

Family:
Rhamnaceae
Approval state:
Approved
Number of articles retrieved:
211
Number of processed references:
8
Compositions
#1: Cascarosides (A and B), bark. #2: Anthrone glycoside (chrysaloin), bark. #3: total anthraquinones (free anthraquinones, anthraquinones O-glycosides, anthraquinone C-glycosides), bark. Quantified. #4: total anthraquinones (free anthraquinones, anthraquinones O-glycosides, anthraquinone C-glycosides) leaves. Quantified. #5: anthrone glycosides (8-O-beta-D-glucopyranosides of aloin and 11-desoxyaloin diastereomers), commercial extract. #6: Bound chrysophanol in bark. #7: Bound aloe-emodin in bark. #8: anthraquinones (three glycosides) in bark. #9: Emodin in an unspecified part of the plant. Quantified #10: Emodin-8-beta-D-glucoside in an unspecified part of the plant. Quantified #11: cascarosides (A-D, anthrone glycosides and 10-hydroxycascarosides A-B (oxanthrone glycosides)), bark.
Endpoint Studies
#1: Hepatocellular toxicity in man, case report. #2: Hepatocellular toxicity in woman, case report.
Genotoxicity
Composition #1: Fairbairn, J. W., Simic, S. Vegetable purgatives containing anthracene derivatives. XI. The aloinlike substance of Rhamnus purshiana. journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1960, vol. 12, Suppl. 45T-50T, p. discussion 50T–51T. .
Composition #2: Fairbairn, J. W., Simic, S. Vegetable purgatives containing anthracene derivatives. XI. The aloinlike substance of Rhamnus purshiana. journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1960, vol. 12, Suppl. 45T-50T, p. discussion 50T–51T. .
Composition #3: Betts, T. J., Fairbairn, J. W. Significance of anthracene derivatives to the living plant of Rhamnus purshiana. planta medica, 1964, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 64–70. .
Composition #4: Betts, T. J., Fairbairn, J. W. Significance of anthracene derivatives to the living plant of Rhamnus purshiana. planta medica, 1964, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 64–70. .
Composition #5: Wagner, Hildebert., Demuth, Guenter. Investigations of the anthra glycosides from Rhamnus species, IV. The structure of the cascarosides from Rhamnus purshianus DC. zeitschrift fuer naturforschung, teil b: anorganische chemie, organische chemie, 1976, vol. 31b, no. 2, p. 267–72. .
Composition #6: Fairbairn, J.W., Mital, V.K. VEGETABLE PURGATIVES CONTAINING ANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES: Part IX. An Aloin‐like Substance in Rhamnus purshiana DC. journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1958, vol. 10, no. 1 S, p. 217T–222T. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1958.tb10402.x. [DOI link]
Composition #7: Fairbairn, J.W., Mital, V.K. VEGETABLE PURGATIVES CONTAINING ANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES: Part IX. An Aloin‐like Substance in Rhamnus purshiana DC. journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1958, vol. 10, no. 1 S, p. 217T–222T. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1958.tb10402.x. [DOI link]
Composition #8: Betts, T.J., Fairbairn, J.W., Mital, V.K. VEGETABLE PURGATIVES CONTAINING ANTHRACENE DERIVATIVES: Part VIII.—The Paper Chromatography of Certain Anthraquinones and their Glycosides. journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1958, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 436–441. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1958.tb10325.x. [DOI link]
Composition #9: Koyama, J., Morita, I., Kawanishi, K., Tagahara, K., Kobayashi, N. Capillary electrophoresis for simultaneous determination of emodin, chrysophanol, and their 8-beta-d-glucosides . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2003, vol. 51, no. 4, p. 418–420. .
Composition #10: Koyama, J., Morita, I., Kawanishi, K., Tagahara, K., Kobayashi, N. Capillary electrophoresis for simultaneous determination of emodin, chrysophanol, and their 8-beta-d-glucosides . chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2003, vol. 51, no. 4, p. 418–420. .
Composition #11: Demarque, Daniel P., Pinho, Danielle R., Callejon, Daniel R., de Oliveira, Gibson G., Silva, Denise B., Carollo, Carlos A., Lopes, Norberto P. New cascarosides from Rhamnus purshiana and fragmentation studies of the class by ion trap mass spectrometry . rapid communications in mass spectrometry, 2017, vol. 31, no. 14, p. 1169–1174. DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7883. [DOI link]
Endpoint study #1: Garcia-Cortes, M., Borraz, Y., Lucena, M. I., Pelaez, G., Salmeron, J., Diago, M., Martinez-Sierra, M. C., Navarro, J. M., Planas, R., Soria, M. J., Bruguera, M., Andrade, R. J. Liver injury induced by "natural remedies": an analysis of cases submitted to the Spanish Liver Toxicity Registry . revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 2008, vol. 100, no. 11, p. 688–695. .
Endpoint study #2: Garcia-Cortes, M., Borraz, Y., Lucena, M. I., Pelaez, G., Salmeron, J., Diago, M., Martinez-Sierra, M. C., Navarro, J. M., Planas, R., Soria, M. J., Bruguera, M., Andrade, R. J. Liver injury induced by "natural remedies": an analysis of cases submitted to the Spanish Liver Toxicity Registry . revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 2008, vol. 100, no. 11, p. 688–695. .