EFSA
ecomole
vscht
  2. Fig (as plant) // Ficus carica L.

Fig (as plant) // Ficus carica L.

Family:
Moraceae
Approval state:
Approved
Number of articles retrieved:
3393
Number of processed references:
8
Compositions
#1: genistein in fruits (quantified) #2: daidzein in fruits (quantified) #3: saponins in leaves #4: alkaloids in leaves #5: cardiac glicosides in leaves #6: tannins in leaves #7: bergapten, fruit, quantified #8: bergamottin, fruit, quantified #9: psoralen, fruit, quantified #10: Furanocoumarins in milky sap from leaves #11: 5-Methoxypsoralen in milky sap from leaves #12: Furocoumarins (8-methylpsoralen; 5-(1”,1”-dimethylallyl)-8-methyl psoralen; and 2”-O-acetyl oxypeucedanin hydrate-3”-methyl ether) in roots #13: Bergapten in roots #14: Psoralen in roots #15: bergapten in stem bark, quantified #16: bergapten in wood, quantified #17: psoralen in wood, quantified #18: psoralen in stem bark, quantified #19: eugenol in fruit #20: cinnamic aldehyde in fruit #21: bergapten in fruit #22: indole in fruit #23: angelicin in fruit
Endpoint Studies
#1: Liver damage after exposure to fig leave decoction for 7 days
Genotoxicity
Composition #1: Liggins, J., Bluck, L. J. C., Runswick, S., Atkinson, C., Coward, W. A., Bingham, S. A. Daidzein and genistein content of fruits and nuts. journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2000, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 326–331. .
Composition #2: Liggins, J., Bluck, L. J. C., Runswick, S., Atkinson, C., Coward, W. A., Bingham, S. A. Daidzein and genistein content of fruits and nuts. journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2000, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 326–331. .
Composition #3: Odo, G. E., Agwu, J. E., Newze, N., Nwadinigwa, A., Onyeke, C. C., Nzekwe, U., Ajuziogu, G. C., Osayi, E. I., Ikegbunam, C. Toxicity and effects of fig (Ficus carica) leaf aqueous extract on haematology and some biochemical indices of wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 22, p. 298–305. .
Composition #4: Odo, G. E., Agwu, J. E., Newze, N., Nwadinigwa, A., Onyeke, C. C., Nzekwe, U., Ajuziogu, G. C., Osayi, E. I., Ikegbunam, C. Toxicity and effects of fig (Ficus carica) leaf aqueous extract on haematology and some biochemical indices of wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 22, p. 298–305. .
Composition #5: Odo, G. E., Agwu, J. E., Newze, N., Nwadinigwa, A., Onyeke, C. C., Nzekwe, U., Ajuziogu, G. C., Osayi, E. I., Ikegbunam, C. Toxicity and effects of fig (Ficus carica) leaf aqueous extract on haematology and some biochemical indices of wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 22, p. 298–305. .
Composition #6: Odo, G. E., Agwu, J. E., Newze, N., Nwadinigwa, A., Onyeke, C. C., Nzekwe, U., Ajuziogu, G. C., Osayi, E. I., Ikegbunam, C. Toxicity and effects of fig (Ficus carica) leaf aqueous extract on haematology and some biochemical indices of wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). journal of medicinal plants research, 2016, vol. 10, no. 22, p. 298–305. .
Composition #7: Melough, Melissa M., Lee, Sang Gil., Cho, Eunyoung., Kim, Kijoon., Provatas, Anthony A., Perkins, Christopher., Park, Min Kyung., Qureshi, Abrar., Chun, Ock K. Identification and Quantitation of Furocoumarins in Popularly Consumed Foods in the U.S. Using QuEChERS Extraction Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017, vol. 65, no. 24, p. 5049–5055. .
Composition #8: Melough, Melissa M., Lee, Sang Gil., Cho, Eunyoung., Kim, Kijoon., Provatas, Anthony A., Perkins, Christopher., Park, Min Kyung., Qureshi, Abrar., Chun, Ock K. Identification and Quantitation of Furocoumarins in Popularly Consumed Foods in the U.S. Using QuEChERS Extraction Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017, vol. 65, no. 24, p. 5049–5055. .
Composition #9: Melough, Melissa M., Lee, Sang Gil., Cho, Eunyoung., Kim, Kijoon., Provatas, Anthony A., Perkins, Christopher., Park, Min Kyung., Qureshi, Abrar., Chun, Ock K. Identification and Quantitation of Furocoumarins in Popularly Consumed Foods in the U.S. Using QuEChERS Extraction Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017, vol. 65, no. 24, p. 5049–5055. .
Composition #10: Chung, Ill-Min., Kim, Sun-Jin., Yeo, Min-A., Park, Se-Won., Moon, Hyung-In. Immunotoxicity activity of natural furocoumarins from milky sap of Ficus carica L. against Aedes aegypti L. . immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, 2011, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 515–518. DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2010.543907. [DOI link]
Composition #11: Chung, Ill-Min., Kim, Sun-Jin., Yeo, Min-A., Park, Se-Won., Moon, Hyung-In. Immunotoxicity activity of natural furocoumarins from milky sap of Ficus carica L. against Aedes aegypti L. . immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, 2011, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 515–518. DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2010.543907. [DOI link]
Composition #12: Jain, Renuka., Jain, Satish C., Bhagchandani, Teena., Yadav, Namita. New Furanocoumarins and Other Chemical Constituents from Ficus carica Root Heartwood . zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2013, vol. 68, no. 1-2, p. 3–7. .
Composition #13: Jain, Renuka., Jain, Satish C., Bhagchandani, Teena., Yadav, Namita. New Furanocoumarins and Other Chemical Constituents from Ficus carica Root Heartwood . zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2013, vol. 68, no. 1-2, p. 3–7. .
Composition #14: Jain, Renuka., Jain, Satish C., Bhagchandani, Teena., Yadav, Namita. New Furanocoumarins and Other Chemical Constituents from Ficus carica Root Heartwood . zeitschrift fur naturforschung section c-a journal of biosciences, 2013, vol. 68, no. 1-2, p. 3–7. .
Composition #15: Rouaiguia-Bouakkaz, Samia., Amira-Guebailia, Habiba., Riviere, Celine., Delaunay, Jean-Claude., Waffo-Teguo, Pierre., Merillon, Jean-Michel. Identification and Quantification of Furanocoumarins in Stem Bark and Wood of Eight Algerian Varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS . natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 485–486. .
Composition #16: Rouaiguia-Bouakkaz, Samia., Amira-Guebailia, Habiba., Riviere, Celine., Delaunay, Jean-Claude., Waffo-Teguo, Pierre., Merillon, Jean-Michel. Identification and Quantification of Furanocoumarins in Stem Bark and Wood of Eight Algerian Varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS . natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 485–486. .
Composition #17: Rouaiguia-Bouakkaz, Samia., Amira-Guebailia, Habiba., Riviere, Celine., Delaunay, Jean-Claude., Waffo-Teguo, Pierre., Merillon, Jean-Michel. Identification and Quantification of Furanocoumarins in Stem Bark and Wood of Eight Algerian Varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS . natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 485–486. .
Composition #18: Rouaiguia-Bouakkaz, Samia., Amira-Guebailia, Habiba., Riviere, Celine., Delaunay, Jean-Claude., Waffo-Teguo, Pierre., Merillon, Jean-Michel. Identification and Quantification of Furanocoumarins in Stem Bark and Wood of Eight Algerian Varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS . natural product communications, 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 485–486. .
Composition #19: Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241–244. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00292-6. [DOI link]
Composition #20: Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241–244. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00292-6. [DOI link]
Composition #21: Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241–244. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00292-6. [DOI link]
Composition #22: Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241–244. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00292-6. [DOI link]
Composition #23: Gibernau, M., Buser, HR., Frey, JE., HossaertMcKey, M. Volatile compounds from extracts of figs of Ficus carica. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 46, no. 2, p. 241–244. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00292-6. [DOI link]
Endpoint study #1: Alvarado-Rico, Sonia., Castro, Ligia. Histología del hígado de ratas tratadas con una infusión de hojas de higuera (Ficus Carica): Reporte de caso . revista de la facultad de ciencias veterinarias, 2010, vol. 51, no. 2, p. 099–103. .