EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 103
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Gallic acid #2: p-coumaric acid #3: p-coumaric acid (leaves) #4: Triterpene saponins #5: hordenine (leaves) #6: Saponins (leaves) #7: alkaloids (leaves) #8: SALSOLINE (leaves) #9: Triterpene saponins (leaves) #10: Tyramine

Endpoint Studies

#1: Acute immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts #2: Subacute immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts #3: Subchronic immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Asante, Kojo Isaac., Amuzu, Nancy., Donkor, Augustine., Annan, Kofi. Screening of some Ghanaian medicinal plants for phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activities. pharmacognosy journal, 2009, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 201–206. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Additional substance description:

values reported are for the extracts prepared using 1.0 g of plant material in 2 ml methanol
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Gram/litre (G016A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.14
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid

Composition #2: Asante, Kojo Isaac., Amuzu, Nancy., Donkor, Augustine., Annan, Kofi. Screening of some Ghanaian medicinal plants for phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activities. pharmacognosy journal, 2009, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 201–206. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Additional substance description:

values reported are for the extracts prepared using 1.0 g of plant material in 2 ml methanol
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Gram/litre (G016A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.09
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric acid

Composition #3: Muanda, Francois N., Soulimani, Rachid., Dicko, Amadou. Study on biological activities and chemical composition of extracts from Desmodium adscendens leaves. journal of natural products (gorakhpur, india), 2011, vol. 4, p. 100–107. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol extract
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric acid (leaves)

Composition #4: Addy, M.E. Several chromatographically distinct fractions of desmodium adscendens inhibit smooth muscle contractions. pharmaceutical biology, 1989, vol. 27, no. 2, p. 81–91. DOI: 10.3109/13880208909053942. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Triterpene saponins Triterpene saponins (RF-00004338-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Triterpene saponins

Composition #5: Baiocchi, Claudio., Medana, Claudio., Giancotti, Valeria., Aigotti, Riccardo., Dal Bello, Frederica., Massolino, Cristina., Gastaldi, Daniela., Grandi, Maurizio. Qualitative characterization of Desmodium adscendens constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array ultraviolet-electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry . european journal of mass spectrometry, 2013, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1–15. DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1214. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

1% HCl
Substance:

hordenine (RF-00003427-PAR)
Additional substance description:

alkaloid
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

hordenine (leaves)

Composition #6: Baiocchi, Claudio., Medana, Claudio., Giancotti, Valeria., Aigotti, Riccardo., Dal Bello, Frederica., Massolino, Cristina., Gastaldi, Daniela., Grandi, Maurizio. Qualitative characterization of Desmodium adscendens constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array ultraviolet-electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry . european journal of mass spectrometry, 2013, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1–15. DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1214. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

1% HCl
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Soyasaponin I, dehydrosoyasaponin I, soyasapogenol B and soyasaponin III
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins (leaves)

Composition #7: Baiocchi, Claudio., Medana, Claudio., Giancotti, Valeria., Aigotti, Riccardo., Dal Bello, Frederica., Massolino, Cristina., Gastaldi, Daniela., Grandi, Maurizio. Qualitative characterization of Desmodium adscendens constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array ultraviolet-electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry . european journal of mass spectrometry, 2013, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1–15. DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1214. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

1% HCl
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

DIMETHYLTRIPTAMINE, DIMETHOXYPHENYLETHYLAMINE
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids (leaves)

Composition #8: Baiocchi, Claudio., Medana, Claudio., Giancotti, Valeria., Aigotti, Riccardo., Dal Bello, Frederica., Massolino, Cristina., Gastaldi, Daniela., Grandi, Maurizio. Qualitative characterization of Desmodium adscendens constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array ultraviolet-electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry . european journal of mass spectrometry, 2013, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1–15. DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1214. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

1% HCl
Substance:

salsoline (RF-00003571-PAR)
Additional substance description:

alkaloid
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HRMS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

SALSOLINE (leaves)

Composition #9: MCMANUS, OB., HARRIS, GH., GIANGIACOMO, KM., FEIGENBAUM, P., REUBEN, JP., ADDY, ME., BURKA, JF., KACZOROWSKI, GJ., GARCIA, ML. AN ACTIVATOR OF CALCIUM-DEPENDENT POTASSIUM CHANNELS ISOLATED FROM A MEDICINAL HERB . biochemistry, 1993, vol. 32, no. 24, p. 6128–6133. DOI: 10.1021/bi00075a002. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Triterpene saponins Triterpene saponins (RF-00004338-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Triterpenoid saponins dehydrosoyasaponin I (DHS-I), soyasaponin I, and soyasaponin III
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Triterpene saponins (leaves)

Composition #10: ADDY, ME., SCHWARTZMAN, ML. AN EXTRACT OF DESMODIUM ADSCENDENS ACTIVATES CYCLOOXYGENASE AND INCREASES PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS BY RAM SEMINAL-VESICLE MICROSOMES . phytotherapy research, 1995, vol. 9, no. 4, p. 287–293. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2650090411. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water-saturated n-butanol
Substance:

Tyramine (RF-00000007-BGA)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tyramine

Endpoint study #1: Rammal, H., Soulimani, R. Immunoactive profile of aqueous extracts of Desmodium adscendens in mice. journal of herbs, spices and medicinal plants, 2011, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 154–168. DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2011.584290. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Dried leaves and stems water extract
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

24.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Hour (G099A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

10-500
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

decrease in total lymphocytes, TCD4+, TCD8+ and NK counts and decrease in the concentrations of the IgA, IgE, and IgG
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

immunology (CHD026BE)
Internal remarks:

Acute immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts

Endpoint study #2: Rammal, H., Soulimani, R. Immunoactive profile of aqueous extracts of Desmodium adscendens in mice. journal of herbs, spices and medicinal plants, 2011, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 154–168. DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2011.584290. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Dried leaves and stems water extract
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

7.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

decrease in the number of the granulocytes, decrease in the concentrations of IgA and IgE
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

immunology (CHD026BE)
Internal remarks:

Subacute immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts

Endpoint study #3: Rammal, H., Soulimani, R. Immunoactive profile of aqueous extracts of Desmodium adscendens in mice. journal of herbs, spices and medicinal plants, 2011, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 154–168. DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2011.584290. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Dried leaves and stems water extract
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

21.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

affected the NK cell numbers. The 10- and 30-mg.kg−1 body weight doses showed significant differences in the TCD8+ numbers increased the concentrations of the IgA and IgG,
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

immunology (CHD026BE)
Internal remarks:

Subchronic immunotoxicity of aqueous extracts