EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Mandarins // Citrus deliciosa Ten. // Citrus reticulata Blanco

Family:: Rutaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 8932
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: matairesinol in fruits #2: lignans in fruits #3: lariciresinol in fruits #4: pinoresinol in fruits #5: secoisolariciresinol in fruits #6: melatonin in fruits #7: Bergapten & Isopimpinellin in fruit peel #8: limonoids (limonin, nomilin and obacunone) in seed

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. british journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393–402. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol - water - NaOH
Substance:

matairesinol (RF-00000331-NTR)
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Result unit:

Microgram/100 gram (G046A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1
Internal remarks:

matairesinol in fruits

Composition #2: Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. british journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393–402. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol - water - NaOH
Substance:

lignans, total lignans, total (RF-00000322-NTR)
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Result unit:

Microgram/100 gram (G046A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

81
Internal remarks:

lignans in fruits

Composition #3: Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. british journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393–402. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol - water - NaOH
Substance:

lariciresinol (RF-00011086-PAR)
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Result unit:

Microgram/100 gram (G046A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

57
Internal remarks:

lariciresinol in fruits

Composition #4: Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. british journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393–402. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol - water - NaOH
Substance:

Pinoresinol (RF-00011088-PAR)
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Result unit:

Microgram/100 gram (G046A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

21
Internal remarks:

pinoresinol in fruits

Composition #5: Milder, Ivon E. J., Arts, Ilja C. W., van de Putte, Betty., Venema, Dini P., Hollman, Peter C. H. Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: A database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol. british journal of nutrition, 2005, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 393–402. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol - water - NaOH
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

secoisolariciresinol
Analytical method code:

LC-MS (F026A)
Result unit:

Microgram/100 gram (G046A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3
Internal remarks:

secoisolariciresinol in fruits

Composition #6: Johns, Nutjaree Pratheepawanit., Johns, Jeffrey., Porasuphatana, Supatra., Plaimee, Preeyaporn., Sae-Teaw, Manit. Dietary Intake of Melatonin from Tropical Fruit Altered Urinary Excretion of 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin in Healthy Volunteers. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2013, vol. 61, no. 4, p. 913–919. DOI: 10.1021/jf300359a. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

melatonin (RF-00003485-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Picogram/gram (G080A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

150
Internal remarks:

melatonin in fruits

Composition #7: Ramirez-Pelayo, Cesar., Martinez-Quinones, Janio., Gil, Jesus., Durango, Diego. Coumarins from the peel of citrus grown in Colombia: composition, elicitation and antifungal activity. heliyon, 2019, vol. 5, no. 6 . DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01937. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Furanocoumarins (RF-00004381-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Bergapten + Isopimpinellin
Analytical method code:

HPLC-DAD (F587A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

48 - 52
Internal remarks:

Bergapten & Isopimpinellin in fruit peel

Composition #8: Jayaprakasha, GK., Singh, RP., Pereira, J., Sakariah, KK. Limonoids from Citrus reticulata and their moult inhibiting activity in mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. phytochemistry, 1997, vol. 44, no. 5, p. 843–846. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00589-4. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

CH2CL2 + MeOH + H2O
Substance:

limonoids limonoids (RF-00004362-PAR)
Additional substance description:

limonin, nomilin and obacunone
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC and HPLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

limonoids (limonin, nomilin and obacunone) in seed