EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. // Leontice thalictroides L.

Family:: Berberidaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 131
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: baptifoline alkaloids in roots #2: magnoflorine in roots #3: N-methylcytisine in roots #4: quinolizidine alkaloids in roots #5: anagyrine in roots #6: magnoflorine in rhizomes #7: anagyrine in rhizomes #8: baptifoline in rhizomes #9: alpha-isolupanine in rhizomes #10: lupanine in rhizomes #11: taspine in rhizomes #12: 5,6-dehydro-alpha-isolupanine, thalictroidine in rhizomes #13: sparteine in rhizomes #14: N-methylcytisine in rhizomes #15: alkaloids in roots #16: triterpene saponins in roots #17: 0-acetylbaptifolin in roots #18: cauloside A, B, C, D, G, H, ciwujianoside A, saponin PE, leonticin D in roots #19: Saponin glycosides: caulosaponin and caulophyllosaponin #20: nicotine alkaloid n-methylcytisine (0.003% in the stem to 0.04% in the root) #21: N-methylcytisine in roots #22: anagyrine in roots #23: baptifoline in roots #24: magnoflorine in roots

Endpoint Studies

#1: tachycardia, diaphoresis, abdominal pain, vomiting and muscle weakness and fasciculations in human

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Betz, JM., Andrzejewski, D., Troy, A., Casey, RE., Obermeyer, WR., Page, SW., Woldemariam, TZ. Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides (L,) Michx . phytochemical analysis, 1998, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 232–236. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199809/10)9:5<232::AID-PCA412>3.0.CO;2-5. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

baptifoline (RF-00004172-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

9-1600
Internal remarks:

baptifoline alkaloids in roots

Composition #2: Betz, JM., Andrzejewski, D., Troy, A., Casey, RE., Obermeyer, WR., Page, SW., Woldemariam, TZ. Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides (L,) Michx . phytochemical analysis, 1998, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 232–236. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199809/10)9:5<232::AID-PCA412>3.0.CO;2-5. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

magnoflorine (RF-00003919-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

magnoflorine in roots

Composition #3: Betz, JM., Andrzejewski, D., Troy, A., Casey, RE., Obermeyer, WR., Page, SW., Woldemariam, TZ. Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides (L,) Michx . phytochemical analysis, 1998, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 232–236. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199809/10)9:5<232::AID-PCA412>3.0.CO;2-5. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

N-Methylcytisine (RF-00003492-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5-850
Internal remarks:

N-methylcytisine in roots

Composition #4: Betz, JM., Andrzejewski, D., Troy, A., Casey, RE., Obermeyer, WR., Page, SW., Woldemariam, TZ. Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides (L,) Michx . phytochemical analysis, 1998, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 232–236. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199809/10)9:5<232::AID-PCA412>3.0.CO;2-5. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Quinolizidine alkaloids (RF-00004327-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

16-2840
Internal remarks:

quinolizidine alkaloids in roots

Composition #5: Betz, JM., Andrzejewski, D., Troy, A., Casey, RE., Obermeyer, WR., Page, SW., Woldemariam, TZ. Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides (L,) Michx . phytochemical analysis, 1998, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 232–236. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199809/10)9:5<232::AID-PCA412>3.0.CO;2-5. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Thermopsine (RF-00003604-PAR)
Additional substance description:

syn for anagyrine
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2-390
Internal remarks:

anagyrine in roots

Composition #6: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

magnoflorine (RF-00003919-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

magnoflorine in rhizomes

Composition #7: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Thermopsine (RF-00003604-PAR)
Additional substance description:

syn for anagyrine
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

anagyrine in rhizomes

Composition #8: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

baptifoline (RF-00004172-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

baptifoline in rhizomes

Composition #9: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Isolupanine (RF-00005710-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alpha-isolupanine in rhizomes

Composition #10: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Lupanine (RF-00003910-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

lupanine in rhizomes

Composition #11: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

taspine (RF-00004070-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

taspine in rhizomes

Composition #12: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Quinolizidine alkaloids (RF-00004327-PAR)
Additional substance description:

5,6-dehydro-alpha-isolupanine, thalictroidine
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

5,6-dehydro-alpha-isolupanine, thalictroidine in rhizomes

Composition #13: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

(-)-Sparteine (RF-00004059-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sparteine in rhizomes

Composition #14: Kennelly, EJ., Flynn, TJ., Mazzola, EP., Roach, JA., McCloud, TG., Danford, DE., Betz, JM. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture . journal of natural products, 1999, vol. 62, no. 10, p. 1385–1389. DOI: 10.1021/np9901581. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

N-Methylcytisine (RF-00003492-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

N-methylcytisine in rhizomes

Composition #15: Ganzera, M., Dharmaratne, HRW., Nanayakkara, NPD., Khan, IA. Determination of saponins and alkaloids in Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh) by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light scattering detection . phytochemical analysis, 2003, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 1–7. DOI: 10.1002/pca.666. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC, NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in roots

Composition #16: Ganzera, M., Dharmaratne, HRW., Nanayakkara, NPD., Khan, IA. Determination of saponins and alkaloids in Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh) by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light scattering detection . phytochemical analysis, 2003, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 1–7. DOI: 10.1002/pca.666. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Triterpene saponins Triterpene saponins (RF-00004338-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC, NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

triterpene saponins in roots

Composition #17: Ali, Zulfiqar., Khan, Ikhlas A. Alkaloids and saponins from blue cohosh. phytochemistry, 2008, vol. 69, no. 4, p. 1037–1042. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.011. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

0-acetylbaptifolin
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESIMS, HR ESIMS, CC, TLC, PTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

0-acetylbaptifolin in roots

Composition #18: Ali, Zulfiqar., Khan, Ikhlas A. Alkaloids and saponins from blue cohosh. phytochemistry, 2008, vol. 69, no. 4, p. 1037–1042. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.011. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Triterpene saponins Triterpene saponins (RF-00004338-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cauloside A, B, C, D, G, H, ciwujianoside A, saponin PE, leonticin D
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

ESIMS, HR ESIMS, CC, TLC, PTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cauloside A, B, C, D, G, H, ciwujianoside A, saponin PE, leonticin D in roots

Composition #19: Schep, Leo J., Slaughter, Robin J., Beasley, D. Michael G. Nicotinic plant poisoning. clinical toxicology, 2009, vol. 47, no. 8, p. 771–781. DOI: 10.1080/15563650903252186. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Substance:

saponin glycosides saponin glycosides (RF-00004318-PAR)
Additional substance description:

caulosaponin and caulophyllosaponin
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponin glycosides: caulosaponin and caulophyllosaponin

Composition #20: Schep, Leo J., Slaughter, Robin J., Beasley, D. Michael G. Nicotinic plant poisoning. clinical toxicology, 2009, vol. 47, no. 8, p. 771–781. DOI: 10.1080/15563650903252186. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Substance:

N-Methylcytisine (RF-00003492-PAR)
Additional substance description:

nicotinic alkaloid
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.003-0.04
Internal remarks:

nicotine alkaloid n-methylcytisine (0.003% in the stem to 0.04% in the root)

Composition #21: Woldemariam, TZ., Betz, JM., Houghton, PJ. Analysis of aporphine and quinolizidine alkaloids from Caulophyllum thalictroides by densitometry and HPLC . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1997, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 839–843. DOI: 10.1016/S0731-7085(96)01919-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

N-Methylcytisine (RF-00003492-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Densitometry
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.9-0.91
Internal remarks:

N-methylcytisine in roots

Composition #22: Woldemariam, TZ., Betz, JM., Houghton, PJ. Analysis of aporphine and quinolizidine alkaloids from Caulophyllum thalictroides by densitometry and HPLC . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1997, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 839–843. DOI: 10.1016/S0731-7085(96)01919-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

Anagyrine (RF-00004802-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Densitometry
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.18-0.19
Internal remarks:

anagyrine in roots

Composition #23: Woldemariam, TZ., Betz, JM., Houghton, PJ. Analysis of aporphine and quinolizidine alkaloids from Caulophyllum thalictroides by densitometry and HPLC . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1997, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 839–843. DOI: 10.1016/S0731-7085(96)01919-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

baptifoline (RF-00004172-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Densitometry
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.71-0.75
Internal remarks:

baptifoline in roots

Composition #24: Woldemariam, TZ., Betz, JM., Houghton, PJ. Analysis of aporphine and quinolizidine alkaloids from Caulophyllum thalictroides by densitometry and HPLC . journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1997, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 839–843. DOI: 10.1016/S0731-7085(96)01919-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

magnoflorine (RF-00003919-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Densitometry
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

11.0-11.08
Internal remarks:

magnoflorine in roots

Endpoint study #1: Rao, RB., Hoffman, RS. Nicotinic toxicity from tincture of blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) used as an abortifacient . veterinary and human toxicology, 2002, vol. 44, no. 4, p. 221–222. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

N-Methylcytisine (RF-00003492-PAR)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

1.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Meal (G109A)
Number of organisms dosed:

1
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

tachycardia, diaphoresis, abdominal pain, vomiting and muscle weakness and fasciculations
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

food consumption (CHD007BE)
Internal remarks:

tachycardia, diaphoresis, abdominal pain, vomiting and muscle weakness and fasciculations in human