EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Butea superba Roxb.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 102
Number of processed references:: 8

Compositions

#1: Butin in flowers #2: biochanin A in roots #3: Two isoflavonolignans: Butesuperins A and B + 8 isoflavone derivatives #4: isoflavones in roots #5: Isoflavones in tuber roots

Endpoint Studies

#1: adverse effects to blood testosterone level #2: adverse effects to blood chemistry and haematology #3: estrogenic effect

Genotoxicity

#1: Genotoxic (micronuclei formation) at 1000 mg/kg/day

Composition #1: Rao, V. Subba., Seshadri, T. R. Chemical composition of the flowers of Butea superba. journal of scientific & industrial research, 1949, vol. 8B, p. 178–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Butin Butin (RF-00010851-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Butin in flowers

Composition #2: Eumkeb, G., Naknarong, W., Sirichaiwetchakoon, K. The effects of red kwao krue (Butea superba Roxb.) extract on sperm quality and testosterone level in mice. thai j. pharm. sci., 2013, vol. 38, no. SUPPL., p. 120–123. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

biochanin-A (RF-00004182-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPLC, UV, IR, LC-MS, NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

biochanin A in roots

Composition #3: Ma, K., Ishikawa, T., Seki, H., Furihata, K., Ueki, H., Narimatsu, S., Higuchi, Y., Chaichantipyuth, C. Isolation of new isoflavonolignans, butesuperins A and B, from a thai miracle herb, Butea superba . heterocycles, 2005, vol. 65, no. 4, p. 893–900. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

isoflavones (RF-00004359-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Two isoflavonolignans: Butesuperins A and B, and 8 isoflavone derivatives
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Two isoflavonolignans: Butesuperins A and B + 8 isoflavone derivatives

Composition #4: Manosroi, A., Manosroi, J., Palaniswamy, UR., Gardner, ZE., Craker, LE. Determination of bioactive compounds in roots of different ages Pueraria mirifica, Airy Shaw Suvatabhandhu and Butea superba, Roxb. from various locations in Thailand . wocmap iii: traditional medicine and nutraceuticals, 2005, no. 680, p. 93–96. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

isoflavones (RF-00004359-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Puerarin, genistein, daidzein
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Value (concentration, content):

traces
Internal remarks:

isoflavones in roots

Composition #5: Ngamrojanavanich, Nattaya., Loontaisong, Aimon., Pengpreecha, Somchai., Cherdshewasart, Wichai., Pornpakakul, Surachai., Pudhom, Khanitha., Roengsumran, Sophon., Petsom, Amorn. Cytotoxic constituents from Butea superba Roxb.. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2007, vol. 109, no. 2, p. 354–358. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.034. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts used as staple food (as part-nature) (A0F5F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

isoflavones (RF-00004359-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Medicarpin, Formononetin, 7,4-dimethoxyisoflavone, Prunetin and 7-hydroxy-6,4-dimethoxyisoflavone
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isoflavones in tuber roots

Endpoint study #1: Cherdshewasart, Wichai., Bhuntaku, Papong., Panriansaen, Rattana., Dahlan, Winai., Malaivijitnond, Suchinda. Androgen disruption and toxicity tests of Butea superba Roxb., a traditional herb used for treatment of erectile dysfunction, in male rats . maturitas, 2008, vol. 60, no. 2, p. 131–137. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.04.011. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts used as staple food (as part-nature) (A0F5F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

distilled water
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

75
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

150
Critical effect:

ENDOCRINE (TOX12A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Testes (TT050A)
Effect description:

dose-dependent decrease in testosterone levels
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

adverse effects to blood testosterone level

Endpoint study #2: Cherdshewasart, Wichai., Bhuntaku, Papong., Panriansaen, Rattana., Dahlan, Winai., Malaivijitnond, Suchinda. Androgen disruption and toxicity tests of Butea superba Roxb., a traditional herb used for treatment of erectile dysfunction, in male rats . maturitas, 2008, vol. 60, no. 2, p. 131–137. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.04.011. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts used as staple food (as part-nature) (A0F5F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

distilled water
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

75
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

150
Critical effect:

HEMOPOIETIC (TOX10A)
Target tissue:

Cardiovascular / Haematological (TT001A)
Effect description:

increase in ALP and AST levels, decreased creatinine level, increased in spleen weight
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

haematology (CHD023BE)
Internal remarks:

adverse effects to blood chemistry and haematology

Endpoint study #3: BRADBURY, RB., WHITE, DE. ESTROGENS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES IN PLANTS. vitamins and hormones-advances in research and applications, 1954, vol. 12, p. 207–233. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol extract
Type of toxicological test:

other (CHD008TT)
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Mouse Unit/mg (G282A)
Effect concentration:

0.45
Critical effect:

ENDOCRINE (TOX12A)
Effect description:

highly active estrogen; the potency was equivalent to 500,000 mouse units per kilogram on extraction with alcohol
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

estrogenic effect

Genotox #1: Pongpanparadon, A., Aritajat, S., Saenphet, K. The toxicology of Butea superba, Roxb.. the southeast asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2002, vol. 33 Suppl 3, p. 155–8. .

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

Mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test (CHD057TT)
Method type:

in vivo
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration for in vivo:

9.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

10
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

DNA damage and/or repair
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

Butea superba tubers powder dissolved in water shown to be genotoxic at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg/day)
Internal remarks:

Genotoxic (micronuclei formation) at 1000 mg/kg/day
Internal ID:

MEDLINE:12971499