EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

European barberry (as plant) // Berberis vulgaris L.

Family:: Berberidaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 791
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Oxycanthine, berberine and berbamine have been detected in then bark of roots of Berbeis vulgaris L. #2: Hydrastinine #3: Berberine #4: Oxyacanthine in stem bark #5: berberine in stem bark #6: isoquinoline alkaloids in roots #7: Total alkaloids in roots. #8: Total alkaloids in leaves #9: Total alkaloids in fruits #10: total alkaloids in stems #11: Tannins

Endpoint Studies

#1: B. vulgaris nephrotoxic #2: LD50 in mice #3: LD50 root extract in mice #4: LD50 root extract in rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Raymond-Hamet. Does oxyacanthine, an alkaloid of Berberis vulgaris, possess a sympathicolytic action?. compt. rend., 1933, vol. 197, p. 1354–7. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Substance:

berberine (RF-00003706-PAR)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Oxycanthine, berberine and berbamine have been detected in then bark of roots of Berbeis vulgaris L.

Composition #2: Bastos, Milton Lessa. Simultaneous identification of berberine, hydrastine, and hydrastinine in plant material. boletim do instituto de quimica agricola, rio de janeiro, 1956, vol. No. 46, p. 9–13. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water + HCl
Substance:

Hydrastinine (RF-00011776-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Hydrastinine

Composition #3: Bastos, Milton Lessa. Simultaneous identification of berberine, hydrastine, and hydrastinine in plant material. boletim do instituto de quimica agricola, rio de janeiro, 1956, vol. No. 46, p. 9–13. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water + HCl
Substance:

berberine (RF-00003706-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Berberine

Composition #4: Velluda, C. C., Goina, T., Ticsa, I., Petcu, P., Pop, S., Csutak, W. Effect of Berberis vulgaris extract, and of the berberine, berbamine, and oxyacanthine alkaloids on liver and bile function. lucrarile prezentate conf. natl. farm., bucharest, 1958, p. 351–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

oxyacanthine (RF-00003529-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in stem bark
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1
Internal remarks:

Oxyacanthine in stem bark

Composition #5: Velluda, C. C., Goina, T., Ticsa, I., Petcu, P., Pop, S., Csutak, W. Effect of Berberis vulgaris extract, and of the berberine, berbamine, and oxyacanthine alkaloids on liver and bile function. lucrarile prezentate conf. natl. farm., bucharest, 1958, p. 351–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

berberine (RF-00003706-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in stem bark
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.01
Internal remarks:

berberine in stem bark

Composition #6: Yusupov, M. M., Karimov, A., Lutfullin, K. L. Alkaloids of Berberis vulgaris. XII. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1990, vol. (1), p. 128–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ether
Substance:

Isoquinoline alkaloids (RF-00004391-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Berberine, columbamine, palmatine, oxyacanthine, berbamine and berbamunine
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

column of KSH silica gel
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

isoquinoline alkaloids in roots

Composition #7: Yusupov, M. M., Karimov, A., Lutfullin, K. L. Alkaloids of Berberis vulgaris. XII. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1990, vol. (1), p. 128–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

column of KSH silica gel
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.19
Internal remarks:

Total alkaloids in roots.

Composition #8: Yusupov, M. M., Karimov, A., Lutfullin, K. L. Alkaloids of Berberis vulgaris. XII. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1990, vol. (1), p. 128–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol, chlorophorm
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

column of KSH silica gel
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1
Internal remarks:

Total alkaloids in leaves

Composition #9: Yusupov, M. M., Karimov, A., Lutfullin, K. L. Alkaloids of Berberis vulgaris. XII. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1990, vol. (1), p. 128–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

column of KSH silica gel
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.05
Internal remarks:

Total alkaloids in fruits

Composition #10: Yusupov, M. M., Karimov, A., Lutfullin, K. L. Alkaloids of Berberis vulgaris. XII. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1990, vol. (1), p. 128–9. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

column of KSH silica gel
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.48
Internal remarks:

total alkaloids in stems

Composition #11: Rad, Seyede Zohre Kamrani., Rameshrad, Maryam., Hosseinzadeh, Hossein. Toxicology effects of Berberis vulgaris (barberry) and its active constituent, berberine: a review . iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2017, vol. 20, no. 5, p. 516–529. DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8676. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Endpoint study #1: Stimpson, H. S. Berberis vulgaris. journal of the american institute of homeopathy, 1926, vol. 19, p. 235–6. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Raw, no heat treatment (A07HS)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

Animals poisoned by Berberis show diffused cloudy swelling and passive congestion of the kidney
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

B. vulgaris nephrotoxic

Endpoint study #2: Peychev, L. Pharmacological investigation of cardiovascular effects of Berberis vulgaris in experimental animals. farmatsiya (sofia, bulgaria), 2005, vol. 52(1-2), p. 118–121. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight (G226A)
Effect concentration:

2.6
Critical effect:

NOT REPORTED (TOX17A)
Effect description:

LD50= 2.6± 0.22 g/kg body weight in mice
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LD50 in mice

Endpoint study #3: Rad, Seyede Zohre Kamrani., Rameshrad, Maryam., Hosseinzadeh, Hossein. Toxicology effects of Berberis vulgaris (barberry) and its active constituent, berberine: a review . iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2017, vol. 20, no. 5, p. 516–529. DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8676. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

solvent unspecified
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

520
Critical effect:

NOT REPORTED (TOX17A)
Effect description:

LD50 in mice
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LD50 root extract in mice

Endpoint study #4: Rad, Seyede Zohre Kamrani., Rameshrad, Maryam., Hosseinzadeh, Hossein. Toxicology effects of Berberis vulgaris (barberry) and its active constituent, berberine: a review . iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2017, vol. 20, no. 5, p. 516–529. DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8676. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

solvent unspecified
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

No data
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

1280
Critical effect:

NOT REPORTED (TOX17A)
Effect description:

LD50 in rats
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LD50 root extract in rats