EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Asarum canadense L.

Family:: Aristolochiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 123
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Aristolochic acid in roots #2: methyl eugenol in rhizomes #3: asaricin (syn. myristicin) in rhizomes #4: elemicin in rhizomes and roots #5: methyl isoeugenol in roots #6: E-isoelemicin in roots #7: Elemicin in roots #8: Methyleugenol in roots

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Schaneberg, BT., Applequist, WL., Khan, IA. Determination of aristolochic acid I and II in North American species of Asarum and Aristolochia . pharmazie, 2002, vol. 57, no. 10, p. 686–689. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Aristolochia (RF-00000498-VET)
Additional substance description:

Aristolochic acid
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.037
Internal remarks:

Aristolochic acid in roots

Composition #2: Belanger, Andre., Collin, Guy., Garneau, Francois-Xavier., Gagnon, Helene., Pichette, Andre. Aromas From Quebec. II. Composition of the Essential Oil of the Rhizomes and Roots of Asarum canadense L. . journal of essential oil research, 2010, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 164–169. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

methyleugenol (RF-00003931-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-FID, GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

53.8
Internal remarks:

methyl eugenol in rhizomes

Composition #3: Belanger, Andre., Collin, Guy., Garneau, Francois-Xavier., Gagnon, Helene., Pichette, Andre. Aromas From Quebec. II. Composition of the Essential Oil of the Rhizomes and Roots of Asarum canadense L. . journal of essential oil research, 2010, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 164–169. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

myristicin (RF-00003941-PAR)
Additional substance description:

syn for asaricin
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-FID, GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.2
Internal remarks:

asaricin (syn. myristicin) in rhizomes

Composition #4: Belanger, Andre., Collin, Guy., Garneau, Francois-Xavier., Gagnon, Helene., Pichette, Andre. Aromas From Quebec. II. Composition of the Essential Oil of the Rhizomes and Roots of Asarum canadense L. . journal of essential oil research, 2010, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 164–169. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

elemicin (RF-00003787-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-FID, GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.6 - 4.9
Internal remarks:

elemicin in rhizomes and roots

Composition #5: Belanger, Andre., Collin, Guy., Garneau, Francois-Xavier., Gagnon, Helene., Pichette, Andre. Aromas From Quebec. II. Composition of the Essential Oil of the Rhizomes and Roots of Asarum canadense L. . journal of essential oil research, 2010, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 164–169. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

methylisoeugenol (RF-00003493-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-FID, GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.1
Internal remarks:

methyl isoeugenol in roots

Composition #6: Belanger, Andre., Collin, Guy., Garneau, Francois-Xavier., Gagnon, Helene., Pichette, Andre. Aromas From Quebec. II. Composition of the Essential Oil of the Rhizomes and Roots of Asarum canadense L. . journal of essential oil research, 2010, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 164–169. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

distillation
Substance:

(E)-isoelemicin (RF-00004285-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-FID, GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Reconstituted product (B007A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

20
Internal remarks:

E-isoelemicin in roots

Composition #7: MOTTO, MG., SECORD, NJ. COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM ASARUM-CANADENSE. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 1985, vol. 33, no. 5, p. 789–791. DOI: 10.1021/jf00065a004. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

steam distillation
Substance:

elemicin (RF-00003787-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.76
Internal remarks:

Elemicin in roots

Composition #8: MOTTO, MG., SECORD, NJ. COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM ASARUM-CANADENSE. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 1985, vol. 33, no. 5, p. 789–791. DOI: 10.1021/jf00065a004. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

steam distillation
Substance:

methyleugenol (RF-00003931-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

36.05
Internal remarks:

Methyleugenol in roots