EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Artemisia vulgaris L.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1991
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: 1,8-cineole in essential oil from leaves #2: alpha-thujone in essential of from leaves #3: myrcene in essential oil from leaves #4: alpha-thujone in essential oil of fruit #5: camphor in essential oil from aerial parts of the plant #6: camphor in essential oil from fruit #7: myrcene in essential oil from fruit #8: artemisia ketone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #9: 1,8-cineole in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #10: alpha-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #11: myrcene in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #12: camphor in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #13: beta-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant #14: artemisia ketone in essential oil of aerial parts #15: 1,8-cineole in essential oil of aerial parts #16: beta-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts #17: camphor in essential oil of aerial parts

Endpoint Studies

#1: Irregular oestrus cycle in female rats #2: Reduced number of implantations after p.o. dosing of pregnant female rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.2-12.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil from leaves

Composition #2: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

<=11.4
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in essential of from leaves

Composition #3: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-1.0
Internal remarks:

myrcene in essential oil from leaves

Composition #4: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.5-16.0
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in essential oil of fruit

Composition #5: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

15.7-38.7
Internal remarks:

camphor in essential oil from aerial parts of the plant

Composition #6: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4-4.4
Internal remarks:

camphor in essential oil from fruit

Composition #7: Haider, F., Dwivedi, PD., Naqvi, AA., Bagchi, GD. Essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris harvested at different growth periods under Indo-Gangetic plain conditions . journal of essential oil research, 2003, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 376–378. . [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-1.2
Internal remarks:

myrcene in essential oil from fruit

Composition #8: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

artemisia ketone (RF-00004157-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.77-29.38
Internal remarks:

artemisia ketone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #9: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.44-5.13
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #10: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.1-21.66
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #11: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

beta-myrcene
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.18-1.03
Internal remarks:

myrcene in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #12: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

<=3.52
Internal remarks:

camphor in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #13: Lohani, Hema., Gwari, Garima., Bhandari, Ujjwal., Haider, S. Zafar., Andola, Harish., Chauhan, Nirpendra. Variability in the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. Grown in Uttarakhand (India) . journal of essential oil bearing plants, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 103–107. DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2015.1127784. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydro-distillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.74-4.60
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts of the plant

Composition #14: Judzentiene, Asta., Garjonyte, Rasa. Compositional Variability and Toxic Activity of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Essential Oils . natural product communications, 2016, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1353–1356. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

artemisia ketone (RF-00004157-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC(FID) analysis
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

<=5.9
Internal remarks:

artemisia ketone in essential oil of aerial parts

Composition #15: Judzentiene, Asta., Garjonyte, Rasa. Compositional Variability and Toxic Activity of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Essential Oils . natural product communications, 2016, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1353–1356. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC(FID) analysis
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.9-16.4
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole in essential oil of aerial parts

Composition #16: Judzentiene, Asta., Garjonyte, Rasa. Compositional Variability and Toxic Activity of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Essential Oils . natural product communications, 2016, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1353–1356. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Additional substance description:

trans-thujone
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC(FID) analysis
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-10.9
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone in essential oil of aerial parts

Composition #17: Judzentiene, Asta., Garjonyte, Rasa. Compositional Variability and Toxic Activity of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Essential Oils . natural product communications, 2016, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1353–1356. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC(FID) analysis
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.6-18.9
Internal remarks:

camphor in essential oil of aerial parts

Endpoint study #1: Narwaria, A., Khosa, R L., Dhar, S K. Experimental studies on artemisia vulgaris - a possible antifertility drug. . ancient science of life, 1994, vol. 14, no. 1-2, p. 10–5. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

alcohol
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

18.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

8
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

75
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Ovaries (TT047A)
Effect description:

irregular oestrus cycle
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

Irregular oestrus cycle in female rats

Endpoint study #2: Narwaria, A., Khosa, R L., Dhar, S K. Experimental studies on artemisia vulgaris - a possible antifertility drug. . ancient science of life, 1994, vol. 14, no. 1-2, p. 10–5. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

alcohol
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

10.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

15
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

400
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

4/5 had no implantation after dosing with either 400 or 800 mg/kg bw
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

Reduced number of implantations after p.o. dosing of pregnant female rats