EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Artemisia absinthium L. // Absinthium officinale Brot. // Artemisia vulgare Lam.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1464
Number of processed references:: 9

Endpoint Studies

#1: LD50 for mouse - methanol extract #2: LC50 for mouse - methanol extract #3: alpha-Thujone; acute toxicity, LD50: 134 mg/kg #4: beta-Thujone; acute toxicity, LD50: 442 mg/kg #5: alpha- + beta-thujone mixture; chronic neurotoxicity: 12.5 mg/kg/day (mice and rats) for 2 years.

Genotoxicity

#1: chromosomal aberration effect - mouse

Composition #1: Biradi, Mahesh., Hullatti, Kirankumar. Screening of Indian medicinal plants for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay and evaluation of their total phenolic content. drug development and therapeutics, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 139–144. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Absinthin (RF-00010899-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Analytical method - additional description:

All chemical tests were performed according to the procedure given in the Textbook of Pharmacognosy by Kokate et al., 2010
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

absinthin

Composition #2: Biradi, Mahesh., Hullatti, Kirankumar. Screening of Indian medicinal plants for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay and evaluation of their total phenolic content. drug development and therapeutics, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 139–144. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Analytical method - additional description:

All chemical tests were performed according to the procedure given in the Textbook of Pharmacognosy by Kokate et al., 2010
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins

Composition #3: Biradi, Mahesh., Hullatti, Kirankumar. Screening of Indian medicinal plants for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay and evaluation of their total phenolic content. drug development and therapeutics, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 139–144. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Analytical method - additional description:

All chemical tests were performed according to the procedure given in the Textbook of Pharmacognosy by Kokate et al., 2010
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids

Composition #4: Biradi, Mahesh., Hullatti, Kirankumar. Screening of Indian medicinal plants for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay and evaluation of their total phenolic content. drug development and therapeutics, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 139–144. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Sesquiterpene lactones (RF-00004319-PAR)
Additional substance description:

anabsintin, artabasin
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Analytical method - additional description:

All chemical tests were performed according to the procedure given in the Textbook of Pharmacognosy by Kokate et al., 2010
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

sesquiterpene lactones - anabsintin, artabasin

Composition #5: Kordali, S., Aslan, I., Calmasur, O., Cakir, A. Toxicity of essential oils isolated from three Artemisia species and some of their major components to granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) . industrial crops and products, 2006, vol. 23, no. 2, p. 162–170. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.05.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.5
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole

Composition #6: Kordali, S., Aslan, I., Calmasur, O., Cakir, A. Toxicity of essential oils isolated from three Artemisia species and some of their major components to granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) . industrial crops and products, 2006, vol. 23, no. 2, p. 162–170. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.05.005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

(-)-camphor (RF-00003469-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4
Internal remarks:

camphor

Composition #7: Judzentiene, Asta., Tomi, Felix., Casanova, Joseph. Analysis of Essential Oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC(RI), GC-MS and C-13 NMR . natural product communications, 2009, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1113–1118. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, Fractionation, NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-5.2
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole

Composition #8: Judzentiene, Asta., Tomi, Felix., Casanova, Joseph. Analysis of Essential Oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC(RI), GC-MS and C-13 NMR . natural product communications, 2009, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1113–1118. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Additional substance description:

trans-thujone
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, Fractionation, NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.2-30.7
Internal remarks:

trans-Thujone (beta-Thujone)

Composition #9: Judzentiene, Asta., Tomi, Felix., Casanova, Joseph. Analysis of Essential Oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC(RI), GC-MS and C-13 NMR . natural product communications, 2009, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1113–1118. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, Fractionation, NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.0-9.2
Internal remarks:

myrcene

Composition #10: Judzentiene, Asta., Tomi, Felix., Casanova, Joseph. Analysis of Essential Oils of Artemisia absinthium L. from Lithuania by CC, GC(RI), GC-MS and C-13 NMR . natural product communications, 2009, vol. 4, no. 8, p. 1113–1118. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cis-thujone
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC-MS, Fractionation, NMR
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.3-23.5
Internal remarks:

cis-Thujone (alpha-Thujone)

Composition #11: Judzentiene, Asta., Budiene, Jurga., Gircyte, Renata., Masotti, Veronique., Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle. Toxic Activity and Chemical Composition of Lithuanian Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Essential Oils . records of natural products, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 180–183. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent Area (G139A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.9-5.3
Internal remarks:

1,8-Cineole

Composition #12: Judzentiene, Asta., Budiene, Jurga., Gircyte, Renata., Masotti, Veronique., Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle. Toxic Activity and Chemical Composition of Lithuanian Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Essential Oils . records of natural products, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 180–183. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

monoterpene ketones (RF-00010825-PAR)
Additional substance description:

alpha-+ beta-thujones
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent Area (G139A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

11.1-12.3
Internal remarks:

alpha-+beta-thujones

Composition #13: Judzentiene, Asta., Budiene, Jurga., Gircyte, Renata., Masotti, Veronique., Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle. Toxic Activity and Chemical Composition of Lithuanian Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Essential Oils . records of natural products, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 180–183. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent Area (G139A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.0-6.0
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Composition #14: Pelkonen, Olavi., Abass, Khaled., Wiesner, Jacqueline. Thujone and thujone-containing herbal medicinal and botanical products: Toxicological assessment . regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2013, vol. 65, no. 1, p. 100–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.11.002. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.4-63.4
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone

Composition #15: Pelkonen, Olavi., Abass, Khaled., Wiesner, Jacqueline. Thujone and thujone-containing herbal medicinal and botanical products: Toxicological assessment . regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2013, vol. 65, no. 1, p. 100–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.11.002. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID-MS (F607A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.2-23.5
Internal remarks:

alpha-thujone

Composition #16: Geszprych, A., Przybyl, J. L., Kuczerenko, A., Weglarz, Z., Mathe, A., Barata, AM., Carlen, C., Craker, L. Diversity of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Growing Wild in Poland in Respect of the Content and Composition of Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds . xxviii international horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people (ihc2010): a new look at medicinal and aromatic plants seminar, 2011, vol. 925, p. 123–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistilation of upper parts of shoots without lignified stems collected while blooming
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.7-20.3
Internal remarks:

myrcene

Composition #17: Geszprych, A., Przybyl, J. L., Kuczerenko, A., Weglarz, Z., Mathe, A., Barata, AM., Carlen, C., Craker, L. Diversity of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Growing Wild in Poland in Respect of the Content and Composition of Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds . xxviii international horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people (ihc2010): a new look at medicinal and aromatic plants seminar, 2011, vol. 925, p. 123–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol extract of upper parts of shoots without lignified stems collected while blooming
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

16-22.8
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric acid

Composition #18: Geszprych, A., Przybyl, J. L., Kuczerenko, A., Weglarz, Z., Mathe, A., Barata, AM., Carlen, C., Craker, L. Diversity of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Growing Wild in Poland in Respect of the Content and Composition of Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds . xxviii international horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people (ihc2010): a new look at medicinal and aromatic plants seminar, 2011, vol. 925, p. 123–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistilation of upper parts of shoots without lignified stems collected while blooming
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-17.4
Internal remarks:

beta-thujone

Composition #19: Geszprych, A., Przybyl, J. L., Kuczerenko, A., Weglarz, Z., Mathe, A., Barata, AM., Carlen, C., Craker, L. Diversity of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Growing Wild in Poland in Respect of the Content and Composition of Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds . xxviii international horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people (ihc2010): a new look at medicinal and aromatic plants seminar, 2011, vol. 925, p. 123–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistilation of upper parts of shoots without lignified stems collected while blooming
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.2-14.9
Internal remarks:

cineole

Composition #20: Geszprych, A., Przybyl, J. L., Kuczerenko, A., Weglarz, Z., Mathe, A., Barata, AM., Carlen, C., Craker, L. Diversity of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Growing Wild in Poland in Respect of the Content and Composition of Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds . xxviii international horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people (ihc2010): a new look at medicinal and aromatic plants seminar, 2011, vol. 925, p. 123–129. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistilation of upper parts of shoots without lignified stems collected while blooming
Substance:

myristicin (RF-00003941-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.1-1.1
Internal remarks:

myristicin

Composition #21: Jaramillo Jaramillo, Carmita., Jaramillo Espinoza, Anyi., D'Armas, Haydelba., Troccoli, Luis., Rojas de Astudillo, Luisa. Concentrations of alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, polyphenols and saponins in selected medicinal plants from Ecuador and their relationship with acute toxicity against Artemia salina . revista de biologia tropical, 2016, vol. 64, no. 3, p. 1171–1184. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.90
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #22: Jaramillo Jaramillo, Carmita., Jaramillo Espinoza, Anyi., D'Armas, Haydelba., Troccoli, Luis., Rojas de Astudillo, Luisa. Concentrations of alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, polyphenols and saponins in selected medicinal plants from Ecuador and their relationship with acute toxicity against Artemia salina . revista de biologia tropical, 2016, vol. 64, no. 3, p. 1171–1184. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.01
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #23: Jaramillo Jaramillo, Carmita., Jaramillo Espinoza, Anyi., D'Armas, Haydelba., Troccoli, Luis., Rojas de Astudillo, Luisa. Concentrations of alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, polyphenols and saponins in selected medicinal plants from Ecuador and their relationship with acute toxicity against Artemia salina . revista de biologia tropical, 2016, vol. 64, no. 3, p. 1171–1184. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

Cyanogenic glycosides (RF-00004375-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.52
Internal remarks:

Cyanogenic glycosides

Composition #24: Jaramillo Jaramillo, Carmita., Jaramillo Espinoza, Anyi., D'Armas, Haydelba., Troccoli, Luis., Rojas de Astudillo, Luisa. Concentrations of alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, polyphenols and saponins in selected medicinal plants from Ecuador and their relationship with acute toxicity against Artemia salina . revista de biologia tropical, 2016, vol. 64, no. 3, p. 1171–1184. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.40
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Endpoint study #1: Logarto Parra, A., Silva Yhebra, R., Guerra Sardinas, I., Iglesias Buela, L. Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. . phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 2001, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 395–400. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Guideline used:

According to
Guideline:

OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity) (OECD718PL)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

2499.10
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Effect description:

LD50
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LD50 for mouse - methanol extract

Endpoint study #2: Logarto Parra, A., Silva Yhebra, R., Guerra Sardinas, I., Iglesias Buela, L. Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. . phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 2001, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 395–400. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Guideline used:

According to
Guideline:

OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity) (OECD718PL)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration producing lethality in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD023EP)
Concentration unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Effect concentration:

15.74
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Effect description:

LC50
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LC50 for mouse - methanol extract

Endpoint study #3: Pelkonen, Olavi., Abass, Khaled., Wiesner, Jacqueline. Thujone and thujone-containing herbal medicinal and botanical products: Toxicological assessment . regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2013, vol. 65, no. 1, p. 100–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.11.002. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

pure substance
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Limit test:

Yes
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Concentration producing lethality in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD023EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Effect concentration:

134
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Brain (TT034A)
Effect description:

lethality
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

alpha-Thujone; acute toxicity, LD50: 134 mg/kg

Endpoint study #4: Pelkonen, Olavi., Abass, Khaled., Wiesner, Jacqueline. Thujone and thujone-containing herbal medicinal and botanical products: Toxicological assessment . regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2013, vol. 65, no. 1, p. 100–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.11.002. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

beta-thujone (RF-00003712-PAR)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

pure substance
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Limit test:

Yes
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Concentration producing lethality in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD023EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Effect concentration:

442
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Brain (TT034A)
Effect description:

lethality
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

beta-Thujone; acute toxicity, LD50: 442 mg/kg

Endpoint study #5: Pelkonen, Olavi., Abass, Khaled., Wiesner, Jacqueline. Thujone and thujone-containing herbal medicinal and botanical products: Toxicological assessment . regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2013, vol. 65, no. 1, p. 100–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.11.002. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Additional plant/substance description:

mixture alpha- and beta-thujone
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Limit test:

Yes
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

2.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Year (G207A)
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

No observed effect level (CHD012EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

12.5
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Brain (TT034A)
Effect description:

Clonic and tonic seizures were observed in theTonic and clonic seizures, lesions in the brain, spleen, kidney. In the rat, NOEL value was 12.5 mg/kg/day for mortality and tonic seizures. In the mouse, the NOEL was 12 mg/kg/day for seizures and mortality
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

alpha- + beta-thujone mixture; chronic neurotoxicity: 12.5 mg/kg/day (mice and rats) for 2 years.

Genotox #1: Yousef Alshibly, N.M. Effect of Artemisia absinthium L. on genotoxicity on mice bone marrow cells. world applied sciences journal, 2014, vol. 30, no. 6, p. 770–777. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.06.82326. [DOI link]

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test (CHD032TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

OTHER (OECD0PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

90
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

chromosome aberration
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

high doses with a long duration caused chromosomal aberration effect
Internal remarks:

chromosomal aberration effect - mouse
Internal ID:

eid=2-s2.0-84894524050