EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Apocynum cannabinum L.

Family:: Apocynaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 237
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: p-hydroxyacetophenone in roots #2: Acetovanillone in roots #3: Harmolol in roots #4: cardenolides in roots #5: cymarin in roots #6: strophanthidin in roots #7: cannogenin, k-strophanthin-beta, apocannoside, cynocannoside, apobioside, neridienone A, 6,7-didehydrocortexone in roots #8: cannogenol in roots #9: cymarin in roots #10: helveticoside in roots

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Trabert, H. Constituents of Apocynum cannabinum. IV. Isolation of two acetophenone derivatives and another substance from the rhizomes or Apocynum cannabinum by means of a segmental column chromatography . planta medica, 1960, vol. 8, p. 85–94. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Benzol/Chloroform (7:3)
Substance:

4-Hydroxyacetophenone (RF-00002341-PAR)
Additional substance description:

p-hydroxyacetophenone
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-hydroxyacetophenone in roots

Composition #2: Trabert, H. Constituents of Apocynum cannabinum. IV. Isolation of two acetophenone derivatives and another substance from the rhizomes or Apocynum cannabinum by means of a segmental column chromatography . planta medica, 1960, vol. 8, p. 85–94. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Benzol/Chloroform (7:3)
Substance:

Acetovanillone (RF-00008462-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Acetovanillone in roots

Composition #3: Lutomski, Jerzy., Nowicka, Barbara., Adamska, Maria. Simple carboline alkaloids. III. Chromatographic investigations of harman alkaloids in Amsonia tabernaemontana, Apocynum cannabinum, and Hippophae rhamnoides. herba polonica, 1967, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 171–6. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Harmalol (RF-00011121-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Harmolol
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Harmolol in roots

Composition #4: Genkina, G. L., Khodzhaev, K. Kh., Shakirov, T. T., Abubakirov, N. K. Roots of Apocynum androsaemifolium and Apocynum cannabinum studied for cardenolide content. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1972, vol. (3), p. 321–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

cardenolides (RF-00004389-PAR)
Additional substance description:

K-strophanthin-beta, apobioside, cymarin and apocannoside
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

chromatography in silica gel, photocolorimetric determonation
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.377-1.025
Internal remarks:

cardenolides in roots

Composition #5: Genkina, G. L., Khodzhaev, K. Kh., Shakirov, T. T., Abubakirov, N. K. Roots of Apocynum androsaemifolium and Apocynum cannabinum studied for cardenolide content. khimiya prirodnykh soedinenii, 1972, vol. (3), p. 321–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol 70%
Substance:

cymarin (RF-00003761-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

chromatography in silica gel, photocolorimetric determonation
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.14-0.529
Internal remarks:

cymarin in roots

Composition #6: ABE, F., YAMAUCHI, T. CARDENOLIDE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1994, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 2028–2031. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

strophantidin (RF-00004065-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, HPLC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

strophanthidin in roots

Composition #7: ABE, F., YAMAUCHI, T. CARDENOLIDE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1994, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 2028–2031. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cardenolide glycosides cardenolide glycosides (RF-00004348-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cannogenin, k-strophanthin-beta, apocannoside, cynocannoside, apobioside, neridienone A, 6,7-didehydrocortexone
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, HPLC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cannogenin, k-strophanthin-beta, apocannoside, cynocannoside, apobioside, neridienone A, 6,7-didehydrocortexone in roots

Composition #8: ABE, F., YAMAUCHI, T. CARDENOLIDE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1994, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 2028–2031. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cannogenol (RF-00004192-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, HPLC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cannogenol in roots

Composition #9: ABE, F., YAMAUCHI, T. CARDENOLIDE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1994, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 2028–2031. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cymarin (RF-00003761-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, HPLC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cymarin in roots

Composition #10: ABE, F., YAMAUCHI, T. CARDENOLIDE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1994, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 2028–2031. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

helveticoside (RF-00003861-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, HPLC, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

helveticoside in roots