EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Celery seed // Apium graveolens L.

Family:: Apiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 5493
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: Nitrate in live plant #2: Total furanocoumarins from literature #3: Psoralen in haulm (figure 1) #4: Xanthotoxin in haulm (figure 1) #5: Bergapten in haulm (figure 1) #6: phenylpropanoid (p-hydroxyphenethyltransferulate) in leaves #7: phthalides (senkyunolide A, (3S)-butylphthalide and sedanolide) in leaves #8: coumarins (scopoletin, osthol, scoparone, imperatorin, phellopterin) in leaves #9: Sedanolide in seeds #10: 3-n-Butyl phthalide in seeds

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Santamaria, P. Nitrate in vegetables: toxicity, content, intake and EC regulation. journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2006, vol. 86, no. 1, p. 10–17. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2351. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Nitrate (RF-00000085-CHE)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

> 2500
Internal remarks:

Nitrate in live plant

Composition #2: Peroutka, Radek., Schulzova, Vera., Botek, Petr., Hajslova, Jana. Analysis of furanocoumarins in vegetables (Apiaceae) anal citrus fruits (Rutaceae). journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2007, vol. 87, no. 11, p. 2152–2163. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2979. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Furanocoumarins (RF-00004381-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Total furanocoumarins
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

DATA FROM LITERATURE
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

45
Internal remarks:

Total furanocoumarins from literature

Composition #3: Peroutka, Radek., Schulzova, Vera., Botek, Petr., Hajslova, Jana. Analysis of furanocoumarins in vegetables (Apiaceae) anal citrus fruits (Rutaceae). journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2007, vol. 87, no. 11, p. 2152–2163. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2979. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethyl acetate
Substance:

psoralen (RF-00004015-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

47
Internal remarks:

Psoralen in haulm (figure 1)

Composition #4: Peroutka, Radek., Schulzova, Vera., Botek, Petr., Hajslova, Jana. Analysis of furanocoumarins in vegetables (Apiaceae) anal citrus fruits (Rutaceae). journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2007, vol. 87, no. 11, p. 2152–2163. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2979. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethyl acetate
Substance:

Furanocoumarins (RF-00004381-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Xanthotoxin
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

55
Internal remarks:

Xanthotoxin in haulm (figure 1)

Composition #5: Peroutka, Radek., Schulzova, Vera., Botek, Petr., Hajslova, Jana. Analysis of furanocoumarins in vegetables (Apiaceae) anal citrus fruits (Rutaceae). journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2007, vol. 87, no. 11, p. 2152–2163. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2979. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethyl acetate
Substance:

Bergapten (RF-00003837-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

22
Internal remarks:

Bergapten in haulm (figure 1)

Composition #6: Sbai, H., Zribi, I., DellaGreca, M., Haouala, R. Bioguided fractionation and isolation of phytotoxic compounds from Apium graveolens L. aerial parts (Apiaceae). south african journal of botany, 2017, vol. 108, p. 423–430. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2016.09.011. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water, petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol
Substance:

phenylpropanoids (RF-00004367-PAR)
Additional substance description:

phenylpropanoid (p-hydroxyphenethyltransferulate)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC, GC-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

phenylpropanoid (p-hydroxyphenethyltransferulate) in leaves

Composition #7: Sbai, H., Zribi, I., DellaGreca, M., Haouala, R. Bioguided fractionation and isolation of phytotoxic compounds from Apium graveolens L. aerial parts (Apiaceae). south african journal of botany, 2017, vol. 108, p. 423–430. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2016.09.011. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water, petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol
Substance:

Phthalides (RF-00010790-PAR)
Additional substance description:

phthalides (senkyunolide A, (3S)-butylphthalide and sedanolide)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GLC-MS, TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

phthalides (senkyunolide A, (3S)-butylphthalide and sedanolide) in leaves

Composition #8: ZOBEL, AM., WANG, JY., MARCH, RE., BROWN, SA. IDENTIFICATION OF 8 COUMARINS OCCURRING WITH PSORALEN, XANTHOTOXIN, AND BERGAPTEN ON LEAF SURFACES. journal of chemical ecology, 1991, vol. 17, no. 9, p. 1859–1870. DOI: 10.1007/BF00993733. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

boiled water
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Additional substance description:

scopoletin, osthol, scoparone, imperatorin, phellopterin
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

coumarins (scopoletin, osthol, scoparone, imperatorin, phellopterin) in leaves

Composition #9: ZHENG, GQ., KENNEY, PM., ZHANG, JL., LAM, LKT. CHEMOPREVENTION OF BENZO A PYRENE-INDUCED FORESTOMACH CANCER IN MICE BY NATURAL PHTHALIDES FROM CELERY SEED OIL. nutrition and cancer-an international journal, 1993, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 77–86. DOI: 10.1080/01635589309514238. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Fractionation, hexane-ethyl acetate
Substance:

Phthalides (RF-00010790-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Sedanolide
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.9
Internal remarks:

Sedanolide in seeds

Composition #10: ZHENG, GQ., KENNEY, PM., ZHANG, JL., LAM, LKT. CHEMOPREVENTION OF BENZO A PYRENE-INDUCED FORESTOMACH CANCER IN MICE BY NATURAL PHTHALIDES FROM CELERY SEED OIL. nutrition and cancer-an international journal, 1993, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 77–86. DOI: 10.1080/01635589309514238. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Fractionation hexane-ethyl acetate
Substance:

Phthalides (RF-00010790-PAR)
Additional substance description:

3-n-Butyl phthalide
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

NMR, MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3
Internal remarks:

3-n-Butyl phthalide in seeds