EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Solidago canadensis L.

Family:: Asteraceae (Compositae)
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1033
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: Quinoline alkaloids (dictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside) #2: Quinoline alkaloids (8-Methoxydictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside) #3: clerodane-type diterpenes (solidagocanin B) #4: Clerodane-type diterpenes (solidagocanin A) #5: labdane diterpenes (solidagenone) #6: labdane diterpenes #7: Epoxides - cis-Z-.alpha.-Bisabolene epoxide #8: clerodane-type diterpenes #9: polyacetylene derivatives

Endpoint Studies

#1: One horse died. The necropsy showed highly hyperaemic stomach and intestine, partly with haemorrhagic diathesis.

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Li, Ying-Ke., Zhao, Qing-Jie., Hu, Jiang., Zou, Zui., He, Xing-Ying., Yuan, Hong-Bin., Shi, Xue-Yin. Two New Quinoline Alkaloid Mannopyranosides from Solidago canadensis. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2009, vol. 92, no. 5, p. 928–931. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

Quinoline alkaloids (RF-00004326-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Dictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Quinoline alkaloids (dictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside)

Composition #2: Li, Ying-Ke., Zhao, Qing-Jie., Hu, Jiang., Zou, Zui., He, Xing-Ying., Yuan, Hong-Bin., Shi, Xue-Yin. Two New Quinoline Alkaloid Mannopyranosides from Solidago canadensis. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2009, vol. 92, no. 5, p. 928–931. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

Quinoline alkaloids (RF-00004326-PAR)
Additional substance description:

8-Methoxydictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Quinoline alkaloids (8-Methoxydictamnine-7-beta-D-mannopyranoside)

Composition #3: Zeng, Zhi-Xin., Ma, Wen-Hui., Li, Yong-Le., Han, Ting., Zheng, Cheng-Jian., Qin, Lu-Ping. Two New Diterpenes from Solidago canadensis. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2012, vol. 95, no. 7, p. 1121–1125. DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100472. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

clerodane-type diterpenes (RF-00004350-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Solidagocanin B
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

clerodane-type diterpenes (solidagocanin B)

Composition #4: Zeng, Zhi-Xin., Ma, Wen-Hui., Li, Yong-Le., Han, Ting., Zheng, Cheng-Jian., Qin, Lu-Ping. Two New Diterpenes from Solidago canadensis. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2012, vol. 95, no. 7, p. 1121–1125. DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100472. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

clerodane-type diterpenes (RF-00004350-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Solidagocanin A
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Clerodane-type diterpenes (solidagocanin A)

Composition #5: Wangensteen, Helle., Phan, Thi T., Rise, Frode., Halvorsen, Trine G., Malterud, Karl E. New labdane diterpenes from Solidago canadensis. NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH, 2012, vol. 26, no. 14, p. 1348–1354. DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.565005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

labdane diterpenes (RF-00004392-PAR)
Additional substance description:

solidagenone
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

labdane diterpenes (solidagenone)

Composition #6: Wangensteen, Helle., Phan, Thi T., Rise, Frode., Halvorsen, Trine G., Malterud, Karl E. New labdane diterpenes from Solidago canadensis. NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH, 2012, vol. 26, no. 14, p. 1348–1354. DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.565005. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

EtOH (80%)
Substance:

labdane diterpenes (RF-00004392-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

labdane diterpenes

Composition #7: Li, Deqiang., Pan, Shenghao., Zhu, Xiwu., Tan, Lin., Cao, Yuefen. Anticancer Activity and Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil from Solidago canadensis L. in China. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, PTS 1-7, 2012, vol. 347-353, p. 1584–1589. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.347-353.1584. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Hydro distillation
Substance:

epoxides (RF-00010829-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cis-Z-.alpha.-Bisabolene epoxide
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.1
Internal remarks:

Epoxides - cis-Z-.alpha.-Bisabolene epoxide

Composition #8: LU, TS., MENELAOU, MA., VARGAS, D., FRONCZEK, FR., FISCHER, NH. POLYACETYLENES AND DITERPENES FROM SOLIDAGO-CANADENSIS. phytochemistry, 1993, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 1483–1488. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

dichloromethan
Substance:

clerodane-type diterpenes (RF-00004350-PAR)
Additional substance description:

related to kolavenic acid
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

clerodane-type diterpenes

Composition #9: LU, TS., MENELAOU, MA., VARGAS, D., FRONCZEK, FR., FISCHER, NH. POLYACETYLENES AND DITERPENES FROM SOLIDAGO-CANADENSIS. phytochemistry, 1993, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 1483–1488. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

dichloromethan
Substance:

polyacetylene derivatives polyacetylene derivatives (RF-00004332-PAR)
Additional substance description:

related to kolavenic acid
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

polyacetylene derivatives

Endpoint study #1: Chizzola, R., Brandstaetter, M. Case report: possible causality between ingested Canadian golden rod and colic signs and successive mortality in horses . wiener tierarztliche monatsschrift, 2006, vol. 93, no. 7-8, p. 166–169. .

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Tested organism:

Horse (as animal) (A0B9Z)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

2
Control groups used:

no
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Stomach (TT027A)
Effect description:

colic symptoms in two horses - one died. The necropsy showed highly hyperaemic stomach and intestine, partly with haemorrhagic diathesis.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

One horse died. The necropsy showed highly hyperaemic stomach and intestine, partly with haemorrhagic diathesis.