EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz

Family:: Lythraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 236
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: tannins in flowers #2: alkaloids in leaves #3: Saponins #4: Alkaloids #5: Tannins #6: Anthraquinones #7: Cardiac glycosides #8: Phlobotannins #9: Saponins in leaves #10: Caryophyllene epoxide in leaves #11: Tannins in leaves #12: Anthraquinones in leaves #13: Gallic acid in flowers #14: Chrysophanol-8-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside #15: Woodfordin C and oenothein B , dimeric hydrolyzable tannins, having macro-ring structures, in flowers

Endpoint Studies

#1: The alcoholic extract of flowers was abortifacient in albino female rats.

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Khushalani, Heeshma., Tatke, Pratima., Singh, Kamalinder K. Antifertility activity of dried flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2006, vol. 68, no. 4, p. 528–529. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

alcoholic
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins in flowers

Composition #2: Paris, R. R., Jacquemin, H. A Madagascan Lithraceae, Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. Communication XVIII on Madagascan plants. fitoterapia, 1976, p. 51–55. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.06
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in leaves

Composition #3: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.83
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #4: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.036
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #5: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

14.16
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Composition #6: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

anthraquinones (RF-00004343-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinones

Composition #7: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycosides

Composition #8: Khan, Amir Muhammad., Qureshi, Rizwana Aleem., Ullah, Faizan., Gilani, Syed Aneel., Nosheen, Asia., Sahreen, Sumaira., Laghari, Muhammad Khan., Laghari, Muhammad Yousif., Shafiq-Ur-Rehman., Hussain, Ishtiaq., et al. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills and surroundings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011, p. 6017–6023. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Aqueous fraction of the methanolic extract
Substance:

phlobotannins (RF-00011481-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Phlobotannins

Composition #9: Grover, N., Patni, V. Phytochemical characterization using various solvent extracts and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 291–295. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethyl acetate, methanol,
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Plus GC-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in leaves

Composition #10: Grover, N., Patni, V. Phytochemical characterization using various solvent extracts and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 291–295. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol,
Substance:

epoxides (RF-00010829-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Cyryophyllene epoxide
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Plus GC-MS
Result unit:

Percent Area (G139A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.43
Internal remarks:

Caryophyllene epoxide in leaves

Composition #11: Grover, N., Patni, V. Phytochemical characterization using various solvent extracts and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 291–295. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethyl acetate, methanol,
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Plus GC-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins in leaves

Composition #12: Grover, N., Patni, V. Phytochemical characterization using various solvent extracts and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 291–295. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethyl acetate, methanol,
Substance:

anthraquinones (RF-00004343-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Plus GC-MS
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinones in leaves

Composition #13: Bhatt, Lok Ranjan., 육찬남., 최화정., Baek, Seung-Hwa. Radical Scavenging Activity of Gallic Acid from Woodfordia Fruticosa Flowers. Korean Journal of Oriental Physiology & Pathology, 2008, vol. 22, no. 4, p. 903–906. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPLC, C and H NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid in flowers

Composition #14: CHAUHAN, JS., SRIVASTAVA, SK., SRIVASTAVA, SD. PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE FLOWERS OF WOODFORDIA-FRUTICOSA. PLANTA MEDICA, 1979, vol. 36, no. 2, p. 183–184. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

chrysophanol (RF-00003737-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chrysophanol-8-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Chrysophanol-8-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside

Composition #15: OKUDA, T., YOSHIDA, T., HATANO, T., MORI, K., FUKUDA, T. FRACTIONATION OF PHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE-PLANT POLYPHENOLS BY CENTRIFUGAL PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY . journal of liquid chromatography, 1990, vol. 13, no. 18, p. 3637–3650. DOI: 10.1080/01483919008049561. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

acetone:water(7:3)
Substance:

Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) Ellagitannins (hydrolysable tannins) (RF-00004379-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Woodfordin C and oenothein B( dimeric hydrolyzable tannins)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Woodfordin C and oenothein B , dimeric hydrolyzable tannins, having macro-ring structures, in flowers

Endpoint study #1: Khushalani, Heeshma., Tatke, Pratima., Singh, Kamalinder K. Antifertility activity of dried flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2006, vol. 68, no. 4, p. 528–529. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

alcoholic extract
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

7.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

100
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

reduced number of implantation sites suggesting abortifacient activity
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

The alcoholic extract of flowers was abortifacient in albino female rats.