EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Vitex trifolia L.

Family:: Lamiaceae (Labiatae)
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 260
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: 1,8-cineole #2: Isoindole alkaloids in fruits #3: Anthraquinones ( chrysophanol, physcion and emodin ) in aerial parts #4: detetrahydroconidendrin (lignan ) in aerial parts #5: Tannins in leaves #6: Saponins in leaves #7: Physcion ( Anthraquinone ) in fruits #8: ergosterol peroxide in fruits #9: Benzaldehyde in fruit #10: Eugenol in Fruit #11: Carvone in fruit #12: Iso-eugenol in fruit #13: labdane diterpenes in fruits

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Hoang, Van Luu. Chemical composition of Vitex trifolia L. tap chi duoc hoc, 2003, p. 13–14. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

petroleum ether
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole

Composition #2: Hoang, Van Luu. Chemical composition of Vitex trifolia L. tap chi duoc hoc, 2003, p. 13–14. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

indole alkaloids (RF-00004503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

isoindole alkaloids
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isoindole alkaloids in fruits

Composition #3: Yan, Lihua., Xu, Lizhen., Lin, Jia., Zou, Zhongmei., Liu, Chunyu., Yang, Shilin. Chemical constituents from stems and leaves of Vitex trifolia L. (I). zhongcaoyao, 2009, p. 531–533. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

anthraquinones (RF-00004343-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chrysophanol, physcion and emodin
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinones ( chrysophanol, physcion and emodin ) in aerial parts

Composition #4: Yan, Lihua., Xu, Lizhen., Lin, Jia., Zou, Zhongmei., Liu, Chunyu., Yang, Shilin. Chemical constituents from stems and leaves of Vitex trifolia L. (I). zhongcaoyao, 2009, p. 531–533. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

detetrahydroconidendrin
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

detetrahydroconidendrin (lignan ) in aerial parts

Composition #5: Thenmozhi, S., Sundaram, R. Shamuga., Kumar, Jena Prabhat., Bihari, Choudhury Golak. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation on leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. journal of pharmacy research, 2011, p. 1259–1262. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

petrol ether, ethanol or water
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins in leaves

Composition #6: Thenmozhi, S., Sundaram, R. Shamuga., Kumar, Jena Prabhat., Bihari, Choudhury Golak. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation on leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. journal of pharmacy research, 2011, p. 1259–1262. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in leaves

Composition #7: Gu, Q., Zhang, X.-M., Jiang, Z.-Y., Chen, J.-J., Zhou, J. Chemical constituents from fruits of Vitex trifolia. chinese traditional and herbal drugs, 2007, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 656–659. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol
Substance:

physcion (RF-00003993-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Physcion ( Anthraquinone ) in fruits

Composition #8: Gu, Q., Zhang, X.-M., Jiang, Z.-Y., Chen, J.-J., Zhou, J. Chemical constituents from fruits of Vitex trifolia. chinese traditional and herbal drugs, 2007, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 656–659. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

95% ethanol
Substance:

epoxides (RF-00010829-PAR)
Additional substance description:

ergosterol peroxide
Analytical method code:

Mass Spectroscopy and hyphenated methods without chromatography (F063A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

ergosterol peroxide in fruits

Composition #9: Zhao, C., Zeng, Y., Wan, M., Li, R., Liang, Y., Li, C., Zeng, Z., Chau, F.-T. Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. journal of separation science, 2009, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 660–670. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800484. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water distillation
Substance:

Benzaldehyde (RF-00008323-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.4
Internal remarks:

Benzaldehyde in fruit

Composition #10: Zhao, C., Zeng, Y., Wan, M., Li, R., Liang, Y., Li, C., Zeng, Z., Chau, F.-T. Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. journal of separation science, 2009, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 660–670. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800484. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water distillation
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.8
Internal remarks:

Eugenol in Fruit

Composition #11: Zhao, C., Zeng, Y., Wan, M., Li, R., Liang, Y., Li, C., Zeng, Z., Chau, F.-T. Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. journal of separation science, 2009, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 660–670. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800484. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water istillation
Substance:

Carvone (RF-0538-001-PPP)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

10.2
Internal remarks:

Carvone in fruit

Composition #12: Zhao, C., Zeng, Y., Wan, M., Li, R., Liang, Y., Li, C., Zeng, Z., Chau, F.-T. Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. journal of separation science, 2009, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 660–670. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800484. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

water istillation
Substance:

Isoeugenol (RF-00002916-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.2
Internal remarks:

Iso-eugenol in fruit

Composition #13: Li, WX., Cui, CB., Cai, B., Yao, XS. Labdane-type diterpenes as new cell cycle inhibitors and apoptosis inducers from Vitex trifolia L. . journal of asian natural products research, 2005, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 95–105. DOI: 10.1080/10286020310001617165. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

labdane diterpenes (RF-00004392-PAR)
Additional substance description:

vitexilactone, (rel 5S,6R,8R,9R,10S)-6-acetoxy-9-hydroxy-13(14)- labden-16,15-olide, rotundifuran, vitetrifolin D, and vitetrifolin E
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

labdane diterpenes in fruits