EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Tridax procumbens (L.) L.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 506
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the stems with flowers #2: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the leaves #3: saponins in leaves #4: tannins in leaves #5: alkaloids in leaves #6: bergenin derivatives in the plant #7: saponins in leaves and stems #8: alkaloids in leaves and stems #9: esculetin #10: alkaloids in the leaves #11: tannic acid in the leaves

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Kone, Witabouna Mamidou., Kande, Brahima. Qualitative analysis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids from 11 Asteraceae and Boraginaceae used in traditional medicine in Cote d'Ivoire. research journal of phytochemistry, 2012, p. 75–83. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flowering top (as part-nature) (A166H)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

maceration with 10 % NaOH and dichloromethane
Substance:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (RF-00000230-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the stems with flowers

Composition #2: Kone, Witabouna Mamidou., Kande, Brahima. Qualitative analysis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids from 11 Asteraceae and Boraginaceae used in traditional medicine in Cote d'Ivoire. research journal of phytochemistry, 2012, p. 75–83. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

maceration with 10 % NaOH and dichloromethane
Substance:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (RF-00000230-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the leaves

Composition #3: C. Ikewuchi, J., C. Ikewuchi, C., M. Igboh, N. Chemical profile of Tridax procumbens Linn. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2009, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 548–550. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified, AOAC 2006 method
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

AOAC 2006 method
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

103.52
Internal remarks:

saponins in leaves

Composition #4: C. Ikewuchi, J., C. Ikewuchi, C., M. Igboh, N. Chemical profile of Tridax procumbens Linn. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2009, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 548–550. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified, AOAC 2006 method
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Additional substance description:

tannins
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

AOAC 2006 method
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.72
Internal remarks:

tannins in leaves

Composition #5: C. Ikewuchi, J., C. Ikewuchi, C., M. Igboh, N. Chemical profile of Tridax procumbens Linn. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2009, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 548–550. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified, AOAC 2006 method
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

AOAC 2006 method
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in leaves

Composition #6: Akbar, E., Malik, A., Afza, N., Hai, SMA. Flavone glycosides and bergenin derivatives from Tridax procumbens. heterocycles, 2002, vol. 57, no. 4, p. 733–+. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Bergenin (RF-00010986-PAR)
Additional substance description:

two bergenin derivatives
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

bergenin derivatives in the plant

Composition #7: Edeoga, HO., Okwu, DE., Mbaebie, BO. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. african journal of biotechnology, 2005, vol. 4, no. 7, p. 685–688. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.69-1.71
Internal remarks:

saponins in leaves and stems

Composition #8: Edeoga, HO., Okwu, DE., Mbaebie, BO. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. african journal of biotechnology, 2005, vol. 4, no. 7, p. 685–688. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water extract
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.38-0.78
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in leaves and stems

Composition #9: Xu, Runsheng., Zhang, Jing., Yuan, Ke. Two New Flavones from Tridax procumbens Linn. molecules, 2010, vol. 15, no. 9, p. 6357–6364. DOI: 10.3390/molecules15096357. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

70% EtOH
Substance:

Esculetin (RF-00003667-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

esculetin

Composition #10: Ikewuchi, Jude Chigozie. ALTERATION OF PLASMA BIOCHEMICAL, HAEMATOLOGICAL AND OCULAR OXIDATIVE INDICES OF ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS BY AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LINN (ASTERACEAE) . excli journal, 2012, vol. 11, p. 291–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water extract
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

73.91 % akuamidine, 22.33 % voacangine, 1.27 % echitamine, 0.55 % echitamidine, 0.36 % lupanine, 0.27 % crinamidine, 0.23 % augustamine and 0.10 % 6- hydroxypowelline of the total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

29.1828
Internal remarks:

alkaloids in the leaves

Composition #11: Ikewuchi, Jude Chigozie. ALTERATION OF PLASMA BIOCHEMICAL, HAEMATOLOGICAL AND OCULAR OXIDATIVE INDICES OF ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS BY AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LINN (ASTERACEAE) . excli journal, 2012, vol. 11, p. 291–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water extract
Substance:

tannic acid (RF-00004069-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-FID (F040A)
Result unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5294.78
Internal remarks:

tannic acid in the leaves