EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Jambolan (as plant) // Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

Family:: Myrtaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1548
Number of processed references:: 2

Compositions

#1: saponins in ripe fruits #2: condensed tannins in immature petioles #3: saponins in immature leaves #4: condensed tannins in immature leaves #5: condensed tannins in inner bark

Endpoint Studies

#1: interfere in the natural blood clotting mechanism

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Mali, S., Borges, R. M. Phenolics, fibre, alkaloids, saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides in a seasonal cloud forest in India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2003, p. 1221–1246. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water distillation
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in ripe fruits
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins in ripe fruits

Composition #2: Mali, S., Borges, R. M. Phenolics, fibre, alkaloids, saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides in a seasonal cloud forest in India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2003, p. 1221–1246. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water distillation
Substance:

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) (RF-00004370-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in petioles
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

32
Internal remarks:

condensed tannins in immature petioles

Composition #3: Mali, S., Borges, R. M. Phenolics, fibre, alkaloids, saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides in a seasonal cloud forest in India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2003, p. 1221–1246. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water distillation
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Additional substance description:

immature leaves
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins in immature leaves

Composition #4: Mali, S., Borges, R. M. Phenolics, fibre, alkaloids, saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides in a seasonal cloud forest in India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2003, p. 1221–1246. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water distillation
Substance:

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) (RF-00004370-PAR)
Additional substance description:

immature leaves
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

17.3
Internal remarks:

condensed tannins in immature leaves

Composition #5: Mali, S., Borges, R. M. Phenolics, fibre, alkaloids, saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides in a seasonal cloud forest in India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2003, p. 1221–1246. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water distillation
Substance:

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) (RF-00004370-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in inner bark
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

30.2
Internal remarks:

condensed tannins in inner bark

Endpoint study #1: Adhyapak, M.S., Kachole, M.S. Investigation of adverse effects of interactions between herbal drugs and natural blood clotting mechanism. journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2015 . DOI: 10.1007/s11239-015-1269-4. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

1 g powder dissolved in 5 ml saline solution of 8.5 % NaCl w/v.
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

HEMOPOIETIC (TOX10A)
Target tissue:

cardiovascular / haematological: Blood Coagulation (TT010A)
Effect description:

prolonged clotting time (no clot formation)
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

haematology (CHD023BE)
Internal remarks:

interfere in the natural blood clotting mechanism