EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Stevia (as plant) // Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 2495
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Scopoletin and umbelliferone #2: Anthraquinones #3: Alkaloids #4: Cardiac glycosides #5: Saponins #6: Condensed tannins

Endpoint Studies

#1: Inhibition of pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal maltase and sucrase

Genotoxicity

#1: Chromosomal DNA damage in peripheral blood, liver, brain and spleen cells after in vivo oral administration of stevioside to rats

Composition #1: Komissarenko, N. F., Derkach, A. I., Kovalyov I. P., Bublik, N. P. Diterpene glycosides and phenylpropanoids of leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Asteraceae). rastitel'nye resursy, 1994, p. 53–64. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Additional substance description:

scopoletin and umbelliferone
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Scopoletin and umbelliferone

Composition #2: Tadhani, M., Subhash, R. Preliminary studies on Stevia rebaudiana leaves: Proximal composition, mineral analysis and phytochemical screening. journal of medical sciences, 2006, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 321–326. DOI: 10.3923/jms.2006.321.326. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ether
Substance:

anthraquinones (RF-00004343-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinones

Composition #3: Tadhani, M., Subhash, R. Preliminary studies on Stevia rebaudiana leaves: Proximal composition, mineral analysis and phytochemical screening. journal of medical sciences, 2006, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 321–326. DOI: 10.3923/jms.2006.321.326. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

HCl 1%
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #4: Tadhani, M., Subhash, R. Preliminary studies on Stevia rebaudiana leaves: Proximal composition, mineral analysis and phytochemical screening. journal of medical sciences, 2006, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 321–326. DOI: 10.3923/jms.2006.321.326. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

alcohol 70%
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycosides

Composition #5: Tadhani, M., Subhash, R. Preliminary studies on Stevia rebaudiana leaves: Proximal composition, mineral analysis and phytochemical screening. journal of medical sciences, 2006, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 321–326. DOI: 10.3923/jms.2006.321.326. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #6: Adisakwattana, Sirichai., Jiphimai, Pariwat., Prutanopajai, Pornsawan., Chanathong, Benjanut., Sapwarobol, Suwimol., Ariyapitipan, Tipayanate. Evaluation of alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase and protein glycation inhibitory activities of edible plants . international journal of food sciences and nutrition, 2010, vol. 61, no. 3, p. 295–305. DOI: 10.3109/09637480903455963. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water extract
Substance:

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) (RF-00004370-PAR)
Additional substance description:

concentration of condensed tannins reported are mg/g of the leaf extract
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

110.5-128.7
Internal remarks:

Condensed tannins

Endpoint study #1: Adisakwattana, Sirichai., Jiphimai, Pariwat., Prutanopajai, Pornsawan., Chanathong, Benjanut., Sapwarobol, Suwimol., Ariyapitipan, Tipayanate. Evaluation of alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase and protein glycation inhibitory activities of edible plants . international journal of food sciences and nutrition, 2010, vol. 61, no. 3, p. 295–305. DOI: 10.3109/09637480903455963. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

water extract
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/millilitre (G191A)
Effect concentration:

0.75-1.23
Effect description:

Inhibition of pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal maltase and sucrase (respective IC50 values 0.75±0.12 ;1.23±0.11; and 0.86±0.01 mg/ml)
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

Inhibition of pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal maltase and sucrase

Genotox #1: Nunes, A. P. M., Ferreira-Machado, S. C., Nunes, R. M., Dantas, F. J. S., De Mattos, J. C. P., Caldeira-de-Araujo, A. Analysis of genotoxic potentiality of stevioside by comet assay. FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2007, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 662–666. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.10.015. [DOI link]

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

single cell gel/comet assay in mammalian cells for detection of DNA damage (CHD040TT)
Method type:

in vivo
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration for in vivo:

45.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

DNA damage and/or repair
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

Chromosomal DNA damage in peripheral blood, liver, brain and spleen cells after in vivo oral administration of stevioside to rats (the largest effect noted in liver)
Internal remarks:

Chromosomal DNA damage in peripheral blood, liver, brain and spleen cells after in vivo oral administration of stevioside to rats
Internal ID:

WOS:000245758000019