EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl

Family:: Verbenaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 119
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

Endpoint Studies

#1: Mild histopathological lesions, such as congestion, fatty changes, necrosis in liver, blood vessels, kidney, lung, testis #2: General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats #3: General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats #4: Acute toxicity of extract in mice (LD50)

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Sivaranjani, R., Ramakrishnan, K., Bhuvaneswari, G. Morpho-anatomical and preliminary phytochemical studies of the leaf of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl. international journal of pharmtech research, 2013, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 577–582. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

various solvents
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #2: Sivaranjani, R., Ramakrishnan, K., Bhuvaneswari, G. Morpho-anatomical and preliminary phytochemical studies of the leaf of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl. international journal of pharmtech research, 2013, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 577–582. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

various solvents
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins

Composition #3: Sivaranjani, R., Ramakrishnan, K., Bhuvaneswari, G. Morpho-anatomical and preliminary phytochemical studies of the leaf of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl. international journal of pharmtech research, 2013, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 577–582. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

petrol ether and water extract
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Endpoint study #1: Ataman, J.E., Idu, M., Odia, E.A., Omogbai, E.K.I., Amaechina, F., Akhigbe, A.O., Ebite, L.E. Histopathologic effects of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. on Wistar rats. pakistan journal of biological sciences, 2006, vol. 9, no. 3, p. 477–482. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2006.477.482. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional plant/substance description:

powdered dry leaves mixed in feed
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

3.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

15
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Gram/100 gram (G013A)
Effect concentration:

75
Effect description:

Mild histopathological lesions, such as congestion, fatty changes, necrosis in liver, blood vessels, kidney, lung, testis
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

Mild histopathological lesions, such as congestion, fatty changes, necrosis in liver, blood vessels, kidney, lung, testis

Endpoint study #2: García-González, Mildred., Coto-Morales, Teresita., González-Camacho, Sara., Pazos, Liliana. Toxicidad subcrónica del extracto acuoso de las hojas y los brotes florales de Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae) . revista cubana de plantas medicinales, 2002, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 0–0. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Aqueous extract
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

2000
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Central Nervous System (TT035A)
Effect description:

General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats

Endpoint study #3: García-González, Mildred., Coto-Morales, Teresita., González-Camacho, Sara., Pazos, Liliana. Toxicidad subcrónica del extracto acuoso de las hojas y los brotes florales de Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae) . revista cubana de plantas medicinales, 2002, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 0–0. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Aqueous extract
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

2000
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

neurologic: Central Nervous System (TT035A)
Effect description:

General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

General depressing effect on the central nervous system in rats

Endpoint study #4: Parra, AL., Yhebra, RS., Sardinas, IG., Buela, LI. Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts . phytomedicine, 2001, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 395–400. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol 60%
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Guideline:

OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity) (OECD718PL)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

24
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

2035.12
Effect description:

LD50 in mice = 2035.12 mg/kg b.w.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

Acute toxicity of extract in mice (LD50)