EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Senecio ovatus Willd. // Senecio nemorensis subsp. fuchsii (C.C.Gmel.) Ces.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 48
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Endpoint Studies

#1: alkaloid extract hepatocarcinogenic

Genotoxicity

#1: weak genotoxic activity of the alkaloid extract in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98

Composition #1: Boppre, Michael., Colegate, Steven M., Edgar, John A., Fischer, Ottmar W. Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in pollen and drying-related implications for commercial processing of bee pollen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 2008, vol. 56, no. 14, p. 5662–5672. DOI: 10.1021/jf800568u. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Pollen-related (as part-nature) (A0ESK)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

aqueous 0.05 M H2SO4
Substance:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (RF-00000230-TOX)
Additional substance description:

triangularine, Senecionine, integerrimine, sarracine, fuchsisenecionine, platyphylline, rosmarinine
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Whole weight (B001A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

80
Internal remarks:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Endpoint study #1: HABS, H., HABS, M., MARQUARDT, H., RODER, E., SCHMAHL, D., WIEDENFELD, H. CARCINOGENIC AND MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF AN ALKALOIDAL EXTRACT OF SENECIO-NEMORENSIS SSP FUCHSII . arzneimittel-forschung/drug research, 1982, vol. 32-1, no. 2, p. 144–148. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Sprague-Dawley (CHD012ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

120
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

8
Critical effect:

HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Liver (TT023A)
Effect description:

Hepatocarcinogenic; tumors of hepatocellular and angiogenic origin; female rats shown to be more sensitive than males
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology neoplastic (CHD024BE)
Internal remarks:

alkaloid extract hepatocarcinogenic

Genotox #1: POOL, BL. GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF AN ALKALOIDAL EXTRACT OF SENECIO-NEMORENSIS, SSP FUCHSII IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI-SYSTEMS . toxicology, 1982, vol. 24, no. 3-4, p. 351–355. DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(82)90017-8. [DOI link]

Study category:

Mutagenicity
Type of toxicological test:

bacterial reverse mutation assay (CHD028TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Tested organism:

Salmonella typhimurium (as organism) (A0CPZ)
Strain of test organism:

TA 98 (CHD029ST)
Exogenous metabolic activation applied:

with
Route of exposure:

OTHER (OECD0PL)
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

gene mutation
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

weak genotoxic activity of the alkaloid extract in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 after metabolic activation
Internal remarks:

weak genotoxic activity of the alkaloid extract in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98
Internal ID:

WOS:A1982PP78600017