EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Sweet blackberry (as plant) // Rubus chingii Hu

Family:: Rosaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 176
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: Hexacosyl p-coumarate in fruits #2: Gallic acid in fruits #3: Gallic acid in roots #4: Salicylic acid in fruits #5: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in live plant #6: Quinoline alkaloid #7: Rubusine (alkaloid) #8: Indole alkaloids

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Guo Qi-lei., Yang Jun-Shan. Studies on chemical constituents in fruit of Rubus chingii. zhongguo zhongyao zazhi, 2005, vol. 30, no. 3, p. 198–200. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecifid
Substance:

phenylpropanoids (RF-00004367-PAR)
Additional substance description:

hexacosyl p-coumarate
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Hexacosyl p-coumarate in fruits

Composition #2: Li, Tian-ao., Tan, Xi-ying. Quantitative determination of gallic acid in Fructus Rubi by HPLC. zhongguo xiandai yingyong yaoxue, 2008, p. 235–237. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.24-104.80
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid in fruits

Composition #3: Wu, Xuzhen. Extraction technology optimization and content determination of gallic acid in roots of Rubus chingii Hu from eastern China. zhongguo yaoshi (wuhan, china), 2015, p. 684–686. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

hydrochloric acid
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Microgram/millilitre (G052A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.082-40.815
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid in roots

Composition #4: Du, Long-fei., Li, Jie., Yang, Long., He, Ying., Chai, Xin., Zhang, Peng., Wang, Yue-fei. Chemical constituents from the fruits of rubus chingii Hu. tianran chanwu yanjiu yu kaifa, 2014, p. 1957–1960. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Salicylic acid (RF-00000241-VET)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Salicylic acid in fruits

Composition #5: You, M.-T., Li, Y.-K., Guo, M.-L. Study on chemical constituents of methylene chloride extract of Rubus chingii. academic journal of second military medical university, 2009, vol. 30, no. 10, p. 1199–1202. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1008.2009.01199. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methylene chloride
Substance:

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (RF-00001976-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Analytical method - additional description:

EI-MS, ES-MS, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR, HMQC, and HMBC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in live plant

Composition #6: Ding, Hsiou-Yu. Extracts and Constituents of Rubus chingii with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Free Radical Scavenging Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 2011, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 3941–3949. DOI: 10.3390/ijms12063941. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Quinoline alkaloids (RF-00004326-PAR)
Additional substance description:

2-Oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Quinoline alkaloid

Composition #7: Ding, Hsiou-Yu. Extracts and Constituents of Rubus chingii with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Free Radical Scavenging Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 2011, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 3941–3949. DOI: 10.3390/ijms12063941. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Rubusine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Rubusine (alkaloid)

Composition #8: Ding, Hsiou-Yu. Extracts and Constituents of Rubus chingii with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Free Radical Scavenging Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 2011, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 3941–3949. DOI: 10.3390/ijms12063941. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

indole alkaloids (RF-00004503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Methyl (3-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)-acetate, Methyl dioxindole-3-acetate
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Indole alkaloids