EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Plantago asiatica L.

Family:: Plantaginaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 905
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Camphor #2: Indole alkaloids #3: eugenol

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

#1: A significant increase in structural aberrations was observed during the short-term treatment of plantamajoside at its highest dose (5000 μg/mL) even when combined with S9

Composition #1: Kameoka, Hiromu., Wang, Chi-Pao., Yokoyama, Kyotatsu. The constituents of the essential oil from Plantago asiatica L. yakugaku zasshi, 1979, p. 95–97. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Camphor

Composition #2: Gao, Zhong-Hua., Kong, Ling-Mei., Zou, Xi-Sheng., Shi, Yi-Ming., Shang, Shan-Zhai., Luo, Huai-Rong., Liang, Cheng-Qin., Li, Xiao-Nian., Li, Yan., Du, Xue., et al. Four new indole alkaloids from Plantago asiatica. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2013, p. 249–254. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

indole alkaloids (RF-00004503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Plasiaticines A–D
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

IR, UV, NMR, HPLC, CC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Indole alkaloids

Composition #3: Chung, Mi Ja., Park, Kuen Woo., Kim, Kyoung Heon., Kim, Cheong-Tae., Baek, Jun Pill., Bang, Kyong-Hwan., Choi, Young-Mi., Lee, Sung-Joon. Asian plantain (Plantago asiatica) essential oils suppress 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-co-enzyme A reductase expression in vitro and in vivo and show hypocholesterolaemic properties in mice . british journal of nutrition, 2008, vol. 99, no. 1, p. 67–75. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114507798926. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Eugenol (RF-00003807-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.97
Internal remarks:

eugenol

Genotox #1: Koo, Yun-Chang., Jung, Sung-Hoon., Yang, Ji-Hee., Ryu, Yung-Sun., Kim, Eun-Jin., Lee, Kwang-Won. Cytogenetic Investigation of Chromosomal Aberrations in Cells Treated with Plantamajoside from Plantago asiatica. PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, 2009, vol. 23, no. 10, p. 1479–1481. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2802. [DOI link]

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

chromosome aberration assay (CHD047TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Guideline used:

According to
Guideline:

OECD Guideline 473 (In vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test) (OECD1289PL)
Tested organism:

Hamster (as animal) (A0CNX)
Strain of test organism:

Chinese (CHD096ST)
Sex:

No data
Exogenous metabolic activation applied:

with and without
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

chromosome aberration
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

Significant increase in structural aberrations was observed during the short-term treatment of plantamajoside at its highest dose (5000 μg/mL) even when combined with S9
Internal remarks:

A significant increase in structural aberrations was observed during the short-term treatment of plantamajoside at its highest dose (5000 μg/mL) even when combined with S9
Internal ID:

WOS:000270847400023