EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Phyllanthus fraternus G.L.Webster

Family:: Phyllanthaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 118
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: lignans (phyllanthine, hypophyllanthine) #2: Tannins #3: Alkaloids #4: Saponins (leaves) #5: Alkaloids (leaves) #6: Tannins (leaves) #7: alkaloids (leaf, methanol or chloroform or water extract) #8: saponins (leaf, water extract) #9: tannins (leaf, methanol or water extract)

Endpoint Studies

#1: LD50 orally 1200 mg/k BW

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Singh, Amrita., Haider, Flora., Chaudhury, P. K., Mehrotra, N. K., Bagchi, G. D. Botanical and chemical studies on some medicinally important Phyllanthus species . journal of medicinal and aromatic plant sciences, 2004, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 801–809. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Substance:

lignans (RF-00004361-PAR)
Additional substance description:

phyllanthin, hypophyllanthine
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

lignans (phyllanthine, hypophyllanthine)

Composition #2: Jadoun, Anuruchi., Dwivedi, R. R., Harisha, C. R., Shukla, V. J. Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical evaluation of selected bitter taste drugs. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, 2012, p. 253–259. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

also HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Composition #3: Jadoun, Anuruchi., Dwivedi, R. R., Harisha, C. R., Shukla, V. J. Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical evaluation of selected bitter taste drugs. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, 2012, p. 253–259. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

also HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #4: Mehta, Kavit., Patel, B. N., Jain, B. K. Phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of Phyllanthus fraternus. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2013, p. 12–15. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Chloroform
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

also TLC, HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins (leaves)

Composition #5: Mehta, Kavit., Patel, B. N., Jain, B. K. Phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of Phyllanthus fraternus. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2013, p. 12–15. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Chloroform
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

also TLC, HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids (leaves)

Composition #6: Mehta, Kavit., Patel, B. N., Jain, B. K. Phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of Phyllanthus fraternus. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2013, p. 12–15. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Chloroform
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Analytical method - additional description:

also TLC, HPTLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins (leaves)

Composition #7: Khatoon, S., Rai, V., Rawat, AKS., Mehrotra, S. Comparative pharmacognostic studies of three Phyllanthus species. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006, vol. 104, no. 1-2, p. 79–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.048. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

meOH, chloroform, or water
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids (leaf, methanol or chloroform or water extract)

Composition #8: Khatoon, S., Rai, V., Rawat, AKS., Mehrotra, S. Comparative pharmacognostic studies of three Phyllanthus species. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006, vol. 104, no. 1-2, p. 79–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.048. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins (leaf, water extract)

Composition #9: Khatoon, S., Rai, V., Rawat, AKS., Mehrotra, S. Comparative pharmacognostic studies of three Phyllanthus species. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006, vol. 104, no. 1-2, p. 79–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.048. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH or water
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins (leaf, methanol or water extract)

Endpoint study #1: Singh, S.K., Prakash, V. Toxicity assessment of Oxalis corniculata and phyllanthus fraternus plants. international journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2014, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 388–392. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Limit test:

Not applicable
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

72.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Hour (G099A)
Number of organisms dosed:

4
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Lethal dose rate in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD029EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

1200
Effect description:

LD50
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

LD50 orally 1200 mg/k BW