EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Stinking passionflower (as plant) // Passiflora foetida L.

Family:: Passifloraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 219
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Cyanogenic glycosides #2: phlobotannins #3: Tannins #4: Saponins #5: Calcium oxalate #6: alkaloids #7: tannins

Endpoint Studies

#1: Estrogen-like effects eg. increased organ weights of uterus and ovary #2: Dose dependent fatty infiltration in the adrenal cortex. #3: Apathy, tachycardia and tachypnea, jugular venous pulse, incoordination, bellowing, mydriasis, and sternal recumbence followed by lateral recumbence.

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Andersen, Lise., Adsersen, Anne., Jaroszewski, Jerzy W. Natural cyclopentanoid cyanohydrin glycosides: Cyanogenesis of Passiflora foetida . phytochemistry (oxford), 1998, vol. 47, no. 6, p. 1049–1050. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00557-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Cyanogenic glycosides (RF-00004375-PAR)
Additional substance description:

tetraphyllin A, tetraphyllin B, tetraphyllin B sulphate, deidaclin and volkenin
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy (F060A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cyanogenic glycosides

Composition #2: Siriwardhene, M. A., Abeysekera, A. M., Chandrika, U. G., Goonetilleke, A. K. E. Antihyperglycemic effect and phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of Passiflora foetida (Linn.) on normal Wistar rat model. african journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2013, p. 2892–2894. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

phlobotannins (RF-00011481-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

phlobotannins

Composition #3: Siriwardhene, M. A., Abeysekera, A. M., Chandrika, U. G., Goonetilleke, A. K. E. Antihyperglycemic effect and phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of Passiflora foetida (Linn.) on normal Wistar rat model. african journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2013, p. 2892–2894. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Composition #4: Siriwardhene, M. A., Abeysekera, A. M., Chandrika, U. G., Goonetilleke, A. K. E. Antihyperglycemic effect and phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of Passiflora foetida (Linn.) on normal Wistar rat model. african journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2013, p. 2892–2894. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #5: Linga, R.C.R., Dhachinamoorthi, D., Chandrasekhar, K.B., Chellaram, S. Pharmacognostical studies on leaves of Passiflora foetida linn. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 59–63. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Calcium oxalate (RF-00003960-PAR)
Analytical method - additional description:

light microscopy
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Calcium oxalate

Composition #6: Asadujjaman, Md., Mishuk, Ahmed Ullah., Hossain, Md Aslam., Karmakar, Utpal Kumar. Medicinal potential of Passiflora foetida L. plant extracts: biological and pharmacological activities.. Journal of integrative medicine, 2014, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 121–6. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60017-0. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% Ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids

Composition #7: Asadujjaman, Md., Mishuk, Ahmed Ullah., Hossain, Md Aslam., Karmakar, Utpal Kumar. Medicinal potential of Passiflora foetida L. plant extracts: biological and pharmacological activities.. Journal of integrative medicine, 2014, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 121–6. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60017-0. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

95% Ethanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

tannins

Endpoint study #1: Michel, Bleu Gome., Koffi, Kouakou., Alassane, Toure., Flavien, Traore. Effects of Passiflora foetida Linn. (Passifloraceae) on Genital Tract, Serum Estradiol, Pituitary Gonadotropin and Prolactin Level in Female Adult and Immature Ovariectomized Rats. B-Biological Sciences, 2012, vol. 55, no. 3, p. 138–144. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

hexane, methanol or water
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

28.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

ENDOCRINE (TOX12A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

Estrogen-like effects eg. increased organ weights of uterus and ovary
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

Estrogen-like effects eg. increased organ weights of uterus and ovary

Endpoint study #2: Chivapat, S., Bunjob, M., Shuaoprom, A., Bansidhi, J., Chavalittumrong, P., Rangsripipat, A., Sincharoenpokai, P. Chronic toxicity of Passiflora foetida L. extract. international journal of applied research in natural products, 2011, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 24–31. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

40% ethanol
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Guideline:

OTHER GUIDELINE (OECD2246PL)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

6.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Month (G206A)
Number of organisms dosed:

12
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

1600
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Target tissue:

Glandular (TT003A)
Effect description:

Dose dependent fatty infiltration in the adrenal cortex
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

Dose dependent fatty infiltration in the adrenal cortex.

Endpoint study #3: Carvalho, Fabricio K. de L., de Medeiros, Rosane M. T., de Araujo, Jose A. S., Riet-Correa, Franklin. Experimental poisoning by Passiflora foetida (Passifloraceae) in goats. pesquisa veterinaria brasileira, 2011, vol. 31, no. 6, p. 477–481. .

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Substance:

Cyanide (RF-00000021-CHE)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Tested organism:

Goat (as animal) (A057P)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

29
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight per day (G212A)
Effect concentration:

8-10
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

Apathy, tachycardia and tachypnea, jugular venous pulse, incoordination, bellowing, mydriasis, and sternal recumbence followed by lateral recumbence.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

other (CHD003BE)
Internal remarks:

Apathy, tachycardia and tachypnea, jugular venous pulse, incoordination, bellowing, mydriasis, and sternal recumbence followed by lateral recumbence.