EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Papaver dubium L.

Family:: Papaveraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 134
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: mecambrine #2: roemerine (aporheine) #3: protopine #4: Total alkaloids in capsules #5: OXYHYDRASTININE #6: Alkaloids in the aerial parts #7: codeine #8: thebaine #9: morphine

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Slavik, Jiri., Slavikova, Leonora., Bochorakova, Jitka. Alkaloids of the Papaveraceae. Part LXXXVIII. Alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas var. chelidonioides O. Kuntze, P. confine Jord., and P. dubium L. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1989, p. 1118–1125. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

mecambrine (RF-00003484-PAR)
Additional substance description:

main constitutent in the capsules; present also in the whole plant
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR and TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

mecambrine

Composition #2: Slavik, Jiri., Slavikova, Leonora., Bochorakova, Jitka. Alkaloids of the Papaveraceae. Part LXXXVIII. Alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas var. chelidonioides O. Kuntze, P. confine Jord., and P. dubium L. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1989, p. 1118–1125. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Roemerine (RF-00011241-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in the capsules; 87% of the total alkaloids
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR and TLC
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

87
Internal remarks:

roemerine (aporheine)

Composition #3: Slavik, Jiri., Slavikova, Leonora., Bochorakova, Jitka. Alkaloids of the Papaveraceae. Part LXXXVIII. Alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas var. chelidonioides O. Kuntze, P. confine Jord., and P. dubium L. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1989, p. 1118–1125. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

protopine (RF-00004010-PAR)
Additional substance description:

in the capsules
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR and TLC
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

protopine

Composition #4: Slavik, Jiri., Slavikova, Leonora., Bochorakova, Jitka. Alkaloids of the Papaveraceae. Part LXXXVIII. Alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas var. chelidonioides O. Kuntze, P. confine Jord., and P. dubium L. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1989, p. 1118–1125. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

total alkaloids in the capsules
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Analytical method - additional description:

UV, IR and TLC
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.24
Internal remarks:

Total alkaloids in capsules

Composition #5: Hussain, S.F., Nakkady, S., Khan, L., Shamma, M. Oxyhydrastinine, an isoquinolone alkaloid from the papaveraceae. Phytochemistry, 1983, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 319–320. DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80125-9. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Isoquinoline alkaloids (RF-00004391-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Oxhydrastinine
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

OXYHYDRASTININE

Composition #6: Mat, A., Sariyar, G., Unsal, C., Deliorman, A., Atay, M., Ozhatay, N. Alkaloids and bioactivity of Papaver dubium subsp dubium and P.dubium subsp laevigatum. NATURAL PRODUCT LETTERS, 2000, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 205–210. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Berberine, thalifendine , corydine, isocorydine, stylopine and tetrahydropseudocoptisine
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in the aerial parts

Composition #7: Fakhari, Ali Reza., Nojavan, Saeed., Ebrahimi, Samad Nejad., Evenhuis, Christopher John. Optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure for the analysis of opium alkaloids in papaver plants by cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, 2010, vol. 33, no. 14, p. 2153–2159. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000135. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol water mixture
Substance:

Codeine (RF-00000251-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.5
Internal remarks:

codeine

Composition #8: Fakhari, Ali Reza., Nojavan, Saeed., Ebrahimi, Samad Nejad., Evenhuis, Christopher John. Optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure for the analysis of opium alkaloids in papaver plants by cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, 2010, vol. 33, no. 14, p. 2153–2159. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000135. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol water mixture
Substance:

Thebaine (RF-00000254-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

5.5
Internal remarks:

thebaine

Composition #9: Fakhari, Ali Reza., Nojavan, Saeed., Ebrahimi, Samad Nejad., Evenhuis, Christopher John. Optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure for the analysis of opium alkaloids in papaver plants by cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, 2010, vol. 33, no. 14, p. 2153–2159. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000135. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol water mixture
Substance:

Morphine (RF-00000250-TOX)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

7.8
Internal remarks:

morphine