EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Ophiorrhiza mungos L.

Family:: Rubiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 38
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Camptothecin #2: beta-myrcene #3: Pulegone #4: Quinoline alkaloids (camptothecin and 10-methoxycamptothecin) #5: Steroidal saponins #6: Cardiac glycoside (Oleandrigenin-3-O-α-L rhamnopyranoside) #7: Camptothecin (root) #8: Camptothecin (shoot) #9: Camptothecin

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Krishnakumar, G., Rameshkumar, K. B., Srinivas, Priya., Satheeshkumar, K., Krishnan, P. N. Estimation of camptothecin and pharmacological evaluation of Ophiorrhiza prostrata D. Don and Ophiorrhiza mungos L. . asian pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 2012, vol. 2, no. Suppl. 2, p. S727–S731. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Camptothecin (RF-00011027-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

188.60
Internal remarks:

Camptothecin

Composition #2: Ahuja, M. M., Nigam, Satgur S. Chemical examination of the essential oil from the roots of Ophiorrhiza mungos. Flavour Industry, 1970, p. 721–724. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.15
Internal remarks:

beta-myrcene

Composition #3: Ahuja, M. M., Nigam, Satgur S. Chemical examination of the essential oil from the roots of Ophiorrhiza mungos. Flavour Industry, 1970, p. 721–724. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

(+)-pulegone (RF-00003398-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.4
Internal remarks:

Pulegone

Composition #4: Tafur, Susan., Nelson, Janet D., DeLong, Donald C., Svoboda, Gordon H. Antiviral components of Ophiorrhiza mungos. Isolation of camptothecin and 10-methoxycamptothecin. lloydia, 1976, p. 261–262. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Quinoline alkaloids (RF-00004326-PAR)
Additional substance description:

camptothecin and 10-methoxycamptothecin
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Quinoline alkaloids (camptothecin and 10-methoxycamptothecin)

Composition #5: Sahai, Alok., Dwivedi, Sudhanshu., Saxena, Nidhi. Isolation and study of the steroidal; saponin 24-α-ethyl-20-ene-7-hydro-stigmast-8β:14β-Di-3-O-β-D-xylofuranoside. International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2010, p. 1669–1674. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol and Methanol
Substance:

steroidal saponins (RF-00010818-PAR)
Additional substance description:

24- α-ETHYL-20-ENE-7-HYDRO-STIGMAST-8β:14β-Di-3-O-β- XYLOFURANOSIDE
Analytical method code:

IR and Raman Spectroscopy (F010A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Steroidal saponins

Composition #6: Sahai, A., Dwivedi, S., Saxena, N. Oleandrigenin-3-O-α-L rhamnopyranoside from the seeds of Ophiorrhiza mungos (Linn). International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2012, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 932–936. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

benzene, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate and methanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Oleandrigenin-3-O-α-L rhamnopyranoside.
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycoside (Oleandrigenin-3-O-α-L rhamnopyranoside)

Composition #7: Roja, G. Comparative studies on the camptothecin content from Nothapodytes foetida and Ophiorrhiza species . natural product research, 2006, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 85–88. DOI: 10.1080/15216540500092898. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

defatted in petroleum ether and extracted in methanol
Substance:

Camptothecin (RF-00011027-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Also trace amounts of 9-Methoxy camptothecin
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.0176
Internal remarks:

Camptothecin (root)

Composition #8: Roja, G. Comparative studies on the camptothecin content from Nothapodytes foetida and Ophiorrhiza species . natural product research, 2006, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 85–88. DOI: 10.1080/15216540500092898. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Shoot (as part-nature) (A067T)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

defatted in petroleum ether and extracted in methanol
Substance:

Camptothecin (RF-00011027-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Also trace amounts of 9-Methoxy camptothecin
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.0096
Internal remarks:

Camptothecin (shoot)

Composition #9: Rajan, Renjith., Varghese, Sibi Chirakkadamoolayil., Kurup, Rajani., Gopalakrishnan, Roja., Venkataraman, Ramaswamy., Satheeshkumar, Krishnan., Baby, Sabulal. Search for Camptothecin-yielding Ophiorrhiza species from southern Western Ghats in India: A HPTLC-densitometry study . industrial crops and products, 2013, vol. 43, p. 472–476. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.054. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Camptothecin (RF-00011027-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Range of concentrations reported from samples from different locations in India
Analytical method code:

Gelpermeation, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (F017A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

168.23-471.54
Internal remarks:

Camptothecin